Transcript WWII - Lancaster High School

WWII
Chapters 35-36
Benito Mussolini
Italy
 Fascism
•State more important
than people
•Strong gov’t. with
dictator
•Individual has no
rights
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Josef Stalin
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Soviet Union
•Communist
nation (1917)
Adolf Hitler
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Germany
Used fascism w/racism
Blonde, blue-eyed were superior
National Socialist German Worker’s Party
Swastika
Goals:
• Rebuild Germany
• Tear up Treaty of Versailles
• Conquer Europe
• Destroy Jews
Jewish Treatment
No rights
 Harassed and mistreated
 Isolated and enslaved
 Eliminated
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“Kristallnacht”
Nov. 9-10, 1938
 1,000 Jews murdered
 26,000 Jews sent to
camps
 Night of Broken
Glass
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Road to War
Democracy threatened
 Aggression/tension ↑
 Dictatorships increasing
 Difficulty remaining isolated

•U.S. isolation
Neutrality Acts (1935-37)
No sale of munitions to
warring nations
 Unlawful for Ams. to travel
on warring countries ships
 Authorize President to list
commodities to be sold
(Cash-and-Carry only)
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German Advancement
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1938: Austria
Munich Pact (9/38)
•Czechs give Sudetenland to
Germany
March 1939: Czechoslovakia
Sept. 1, 1939: Poland
April-June 1940: Denmark, Norway,
Netherlands, Belgium, Lux., France
Selective Service Act
Sept 1940
 First peacetime draft
 All men ages 21-35
 1 year active service
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1940 Election
Candidates
Party Affiliation
FDR
Democrat
Willkie
Republican
Popular Vote
Electoral Vote
27,307,819
449
22,321,018
82
Lend-Lease Act (March 1941)
$7 billion to GB/Allies (by
end of war $50 billion)
 Sell or lease commodities
to any country whose
defense was vital to U.S.
defense
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U.S./Japan Relations
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7/41: Embargo on oil, tools, iron & steel
Froze Japanese assets in U.S.
11/41: Peace mission to U.S.
• 3 demands
 1. Unfreeze assets
 2. Lift embargo
 3. Cease aid to China
Pearl Harbor
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Naval, Air Force base
Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941
7:55 am & 8:50 am
Am. losses
• Almost all planes
• 8 battleships
• +2,300 killed, 2,000 wounded
Dec. 8, 1941: U.S. declares war on
Japan
Internment Camps
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110,000 Japanese-Americans placed in
camps
1988: $20,000 to all survivors
OPA
Office of Price Administration
 Fought inflation by freezing
wages, prices, and rents
 Rationed foods, such as
meat, butter, cheese,
vegetables, sugar and coffee
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NWLB
National War Labor Board
 Limited wage increases
 Kept unions stable, forbid
workers from changing
unions
 Paid vacations, pensions,
and medical insurance
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WPB
War Production Board
 Rationed fuel and
materials vital to the
war effort, such as
gas, heating oil,
metals, rubber, and
plastics
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Manhattan Project
Scientist: J. Robert
Oppenheimer
 Tested July 16,
1945 (Alamogordo,
NM)
 Atomic bomb
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D-Day (June 6, 1944)
“Operation Overlord”
 176,000 Ams.
 4,000 landing craft
 600 warships
 11,000 planes
 Allies victory
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1944 Election
Candidate
Party Affiliation
FDR/Truman
Democrat
Popular Vote
Electoral Vote
25,606,585
432
Dewey/Bricker
22,014,745
99
April 12, 1945
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FDR dead
http://www.delanoye.org/FDR/
April 30, 1945
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Hitler commits suicide
May 8, 1945
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V-E Day
http://ww
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Hiroshima
August 6, 1945
 Enola Gay
 Pilot: Paul Tibbets
 Bomb: “Little Boy”
 140,000 dead by end of
year
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Nagasaki
August 9, 1945
 Bomb: “Fat Man”
 70,000 dead by end of
year
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V-J Day
August 15, 1945
 USS Missouri
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