Transcript Slide 1
WAR IN EUROPE Battles to Know on the European Front -Stalingrad -D-Day -Bulge WAR IN THE PACIFIC WAR IN THE PACIFIC -Philippines Bataan Death March -Midway -Guadalcanal -Iwo Jima/ Okinawa *Fighting strategy of Japanese!!! War News Broadcast You will be assigned one of the above mentioned battles. In groups of your choosing, you will create a 3-4 minute long news broadcast of your event. You must turn in a script which you can only use as a reference during your segment You may perform your segment in any combination of ways you like – interview, reenactment, live at the scene, news desk, etc. Everyone must participate/have a speaking part Information required – Brief explanation of what happened Significance – Why was this battle important? Why do we care? Operation Torch (1942-May 1943) Gen. George C. Marshall Second front in France? Stalingrad (Dec 1942/Jan 1943) Air War incendiary raids on Hamburg, Berlin and Dresden Invasion of Italy Mussolini DEFEATING GERMANY D-Day Invasion of Normandy Eisenhower Meets with Paratroopers before DDay D-DAY LANDING JUNE 6, 1944 After the Normandy Invasion GUIDING QUESTION Why did the United States decide to use atomic bombs against Japan? (strictly military measure to end the war? or diplomatic measure designed to intimidate the Soviet Union in the postwar era?) American Troops Before Amphibious Landing Attempting to Secure a Beachhead on Pacific Island US troops wading ashore Butaritari, November 1943 Sprawled bodies on beach Tarawa Island-Hopping in the Pacific Stalingrad (Dec 1942/Jan 1943) Allied invasion of France Normandy - D-Day (June 6, 1944) Battle of the Bulge (late December 1944) Fall of Germany Berlin (June 2, 1945) Hitler suicide (April 30) Surrender June 7, 1945 (V-E Day) Yalta Conference DEFEATING GERMANY WAR IN THE PACIFIC Island Hopping kamikazes Iwo Jima (Feb-March 1945) Okinawa (April – June 1945) Flag Raising on Iwo Jima BEGINNING THE ATOMIC AGE FDR death (Warm Springs, GA, April 12, 1945) Harry S Truman (President 1945-53) Churchill, Roosevelt & Stalin at Yalta, Feb. 1945 President Truman addressing Congress after Roosevelt’s death BEGINNING THE ATOMIC AGE Manhattan Project (begun 1942) Alamagordo, NM, July 16, 1945 Potsdam Conference Unconditional surrender or face ”utter destruction” Firebomb Tokyo Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) Nagasaki (August 9, 1945) Japan surrender September 2, 1945 (V-J Day) Col. Paul W. Tibbets, Jr., & the ENOLA GAY Atomic Bombs: “Little Boy” & “Fat Man” Hiroshima After the Bomb Blast, August 6, 1945 Hiroshima After the Bomb Blast, August 6, 1945 Hiroshima after the atomic bomb, August 6, 1945 Nagasaki atomic bombing August 9, 1945 Aftermath of Nagasaki bombing Arguments opposed Arguments for use Japanese refused to surrender. It was estimated an invasion similar to D-Day was needed to bring the war to an end. US officials estimated conquest of Japan’s empire would last an additional 18 months to 2 years. US officials estimated Allied casualties at 1/2 to 1 1/2 million, in addition to huge Japanese losses if there was an invasion of Japan. Japanese leadership was informed of the destructive power and nature of the bomb and offered a period to surrender but declined. Bombs were untested and their destruction unknown Neither city was a major military target and the attacks would mainly kill Japanese civilians. Radiation poisoning, birth defects and contamination would have negative effects on the population. Would set a precedent about using weapons of mass destruction in war Surrender ceremonies on the USS Missouri Japanese Surrender on the USS Missouri Sept 2, 1945 RESULTS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR 300,000 dead, over 800K wounded $320 billion cost National debt rose from $50 Billion in 1941 to $250 billion by 1945 End of Depression Joined United Nations Only major power without significant physical damage 7 Future American Presidents Views of the World Were Formed by Service in WWII WWII Memorial, Washington, DC Dedicated on April 29, 2004 SOURCES Brinkley, American History: A Survey 10e America: Pathways to the Present (2003) National Archives and Records Administration Thomson Wadsworth US History Image Bank http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1931_1945.html Teaching Politics, http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/_browse1950.htm American Journey Online Divine, America Past and Present Revd 7th Ed. Nash, The American People 6e; http://wps.ablongman.com/long_nash_ap_6/0,7361,592970,00.html Faragher, Out of Many 3e http://wps.prenhall.com/hss_faragher_outofmany_ap/ Jones, Created Equal Kennedy, American Pageant 13e Susan Pojer, Horace Greeley H.S., Chappaqua, NY Henretta, America’s History 5e, http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/mapcentral Roark, American Promise 3e, http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/mapcentral http://www.printmini.com/printables/mil/index.shtml (camouflage) Franklin Roosevelt in wheelchair Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill, Tehran, 1943