Transcript Chapter 17 WW II - The Best CCTE Class

Chapter 17 WW II
United States enters World War II
1941-1945
Vocabulary
Found in Glossary




D-day
Battle of the Bulge
Battle of Midway
Kamikaze
Pages 569 - 579





Harry S. Truman
Douglas MacArthur
Dwight D.
Eisenhower
Omar Bradley
George Patton
Leaders in WWII



Germany- Adolf Hitler
Japan- General Tojo
Italy- Benito Mussolini
• USA- Franklin D. Roosevelt
• Great Britain- Winston Churchill
• USSR- Joseph Stalin
Axis as Aggressors






All pretty much Dictatorships GER/ITA
Fascists and Japan Empire
1936- Hitler remilitarized Germany
– Mussolini announces Rome-Berlin Axis
– Germany Signs Anti-Communism Pact
with Japan
Japan Invades China
GER annexes Austria and Czechoslovakia
GER and USSR sign non-aggression pact
GER invades Poland
So begins World
War II






France and Britain declare war on
the Axis
Soviets invade Poland
Germans started take over of
Europe
Winston Churchill became prime
minister
On the same day Germany started
the invasion of France
A month and a half later
surrendered
France
Tactics

German War tactics
Blitzkrieg
– Using tanks in small
divisions to pierce
the enemy line, then
attack the line flank
– Great speed was a
must
– To combat this
divisions fought in
columns
"The Battle of France is over. I expect
the Battle of Britain is about to
begin....“- Winston Churchill


Luftwaffe (German Air Force) bombed
England attempting destroy England’s
Air defense and force a surrender
RAF (English Air Force) turned them
away



Germany attacks
Soviet Union
June 22, 1941
Purpose was to
rid the world
communism
Very bloody with
little regard for
human life
US policy towards Japan




US stopped selling
oil and steel to
Japan
Japan saw that as
an act of war.
Japan wants raw
materials
Singapore- (UK)
was taken by Japan
Pearl Harbor
December 7, 1941

Tora, Tora, Tora,
code name of the
attack on Pearl
Harbor.
USS Yorktown Carrier
USS Arizona




US battleship that was hit by the
Japanese
Schofied Barracks were also hit
Wheeler Field- airfields attacked by
Japan and Hichan Field – air force
attacked
“A day in which will live in infamy”
FDR
Jeanette Rankin

Jeanette Rankin - a member of
Congress to vote against the war.
Japan moves to dominate
the Pacific




The United States is the only power
blocking Japan’s plan to conquer the
Pacific
The Japanese had destroyed 75% of
US naval power in the Pacific.
Philippines- was a US protectorate
since 1898.
Douglas Macarthur- commanding
officer.
General Douglas Macarthur


Commander of
American forces in
the Philippines.
“ I shall return”
Bataan Death March 1942
Bataan Death March 1942

American troops were captured by the
Japanese. US troops were forced to
march 6 days, 90 miles
Japanese Americans


Internment
camps were
rounded up and put
in camps.
Lost property
Japanese-American Boy Scout
Troop in an Internment Camp
United States will fight a two
front war.




European front “European Theatre”- North
Africa, Italy
Eastern front, and northern France.
Pacific front “Pacific Theatre”- using air,
naval, and man power,
Island hopping
Operation Torch


United States troops will fight with
British troops to stop Germans in
North Africa.
Dwight Eisenhower- Commander of US
troops.
Dwight Eisenhower



US Commander of
all US troops- North
Africa.
His plan was to
stop Hitler’s troops
in North Africa.
oil
General George Patton



US tank
commander under
Eisenhower
“Old Blood and
Guts”
Battle of the Bulgelargest battle of
WWII
General Omar Bradley





US commander
Served under
Eisenhower
“G.I. General”
5 star general
Lived in El Paso
Soft underbelly of
Europe


US and British
troops attacked
Sicily then moved
into Italy.
Patton and
Montgomery
Operation Overlord





Code name for the invasion of Europe
by Allies more commonly known as DDay on June 6, 1944.
Largest fleet of ships and men.
Normandy, France
Dwight Eisenhower commands the
invasion forces at D-Day
What does the “D” in D-Day stand for?
Major U.S. campaigns


Invaded North Africa
Storming the beaches at Normandy
– 160,000 allied troops cross the English
Channel onto France
Battle of the Bulge

Last major offensive from Germany
launched in December 1944.
Holocaust-name given to the
killing of 6 million Jews
German Concentration
Camps




Auschwitz
Dauchau
Treblinka
Buchenwald
Steps to the Holocaust








HISTORY OF THE HOLOCAUST - TIME LINE
1933
– Books with ideas considered dangerous to Nazi beliefs are burned.
1934
– Jewish newspapers can no longer be sold in the streets.
1935
– Jews are deprived of their citizenship and other basic rights.
– The Nazis intensify the persecution of political people that don’t agree with his philosophy.
1936
– Nazis boycott Jewish-owned business.
– Jews no longer have the right to vote.
1938
– On Kristallnacht, the 'Night of Broken Glass,' Nazis terrorized Jews throughout Germany and
Austria - 30,000 Jews are arrested.
1939
– Hitler orders that Jews must follow curfews; Jews must turn in radios to the police; Jews
must wear yellow stars of David.
1940
– Nazis begin deporting German Jews to Poland.
– Jews are forced into ghettos.
– Nazis begin the first mass murder of Jews in Poland.
– Jews are put into concentration camps
Atrocities of the
Holocaust




Death Marches
Starvation
Gas Chambers
Medical Experiments
– Dr. Mangele
– Freeze, pressure chambers, chemical testing
– Sewed twins together

6,000,000 Jews were murdered
– Other victims include: Homosexuals, Mentally
Disabled, Slavs and Gypsies
Dr. Mengele Angel of Death
Josef Mengele left
Auschwitz disguised as a
member of the regular
German infantry.
Geneticist
Many Nazi war criminals
escaped to Argentina
using false identities
supplied by the Red
Cross .
In attempts to fabricate blue
eyes, drops or injections of
chemicals would be put in the
eyes. This often caused severe
pain, infections, and temporary
or permanent blindness.
Various surgeries without anesthesia
including organ removal, castration,
and amputations
VE Day- Victory in Europe
May 8, 1945
.
Hitler’s suicide
On top of Hitler's
bunker
The entrance
General George Marshall




Chief of Staff
5 star general (2nd
man to do so after
Pershing)
Head of all US
forces in Pacific and
Atlantic theaters.
Time Magazine in
1944 named
Marshall “Man of
the Year”

Once dubbed the “organizer of
victory” by Winston Churchill for
his leadership of the Allied
victory in World War II, Marshall
later became instrumental in the
post-war reconstruction effort in
Europe, which became known as
the Marshall Plan. For this latter
role Marshall received the Nobel
Peace Prize, the only
professional soldier to hold that
distinction.
United States & Australia
are the two nations still
fighting Japan in the Pacific
Jimmy Doolittle



Aviator in Air Force
Who comes up with
plan to bomb
Tokyo, and pilots
how to take off
from aircraft
carriers.
“Doolittle’s Raid” in
1942
Douglas MacArthur



US Military commander
in the Pacific
“Old soldiers never die,
they just fade away.”
He received the formal
Japanese surrender in
September 1945, V-J
Day.
Battle of Midway –turning
point of the war. 1942
Pacific
Theater
 U.S.’s war with
Japan
– This included
Naval battles at
sea
– And Island
hoping
– Used Navajo
Code Talkersmessengers for
the U.S. spoke in
Native language
US broke the Japanese code

United States broke the Japanese code
United States had an advantage over
Japan.
Code Talkers


Navajo Indians would send
transmissions for United States.
Japanese military never broke the
code.
Battles in the Pacific


Saipan-site where Marines attacked
Japanese. Japanese committed suicide
rather then surrender. 20,000
Iwo Jima-site where Americans raised
the US flag and now a statue
– Washington DC

Coral Seas- Australia
Kamikaze Pilots

“Divine wind”
suicide pilots of
Japan
Truman’s decision to use the Atomic
Bomb
• President Truman later wrote that he "regarded
the bomb as a military weapon and never had any
doubts that it should be used." His advisers had
warned him to expect massive casualties if the
United States invaded Japan. Truman believed it
was his duty as president to use every weapon
available to save American lives.
Manhattan Project

Code name for the
development of the Atomic
Bomb
• Manhattan Projectefforts to develop the
atomic bomb created by
Robert Oppenheimer and
General Leslie R. Groves Pg.
583

Alamogordo New Mexico

Fat Man and Little Boynames of Atomic Bombs
Hiroshima-August 6.1945
Nagasaki August 9, 1945
V-J Day August 15, 1945
It’s Finally Over!!!!!
Women in the war effort






Rosie the Riveter-symbol of women
making history working for victory.
Nurses
Hollywood cafe
USO
Pin up girls
Victory Girls
African Americans



African Americans
were in segregated
units.
Most were cooks,
butlers, and fighting
units.
Tuskegee Airmen
Segregated Units
Rationing
Issuing coupons to
limit how much a
person could buy.
sugar, oil, gas,
S..t..r..e..t..c..h That Food!
Get Your Ration Cards
Buy, Buy, Buy, Buy a Bond:
It Will Lead to VICTORY!
Potsdam Conference

Truman, Stalin, and
Churchill
WW II Memorial in
Washington, DC
Dedicated on April 29, 2004
Chapter 17 Study Guide
10 Matching
12 Multiple Choice
10 TAKS map
Matching:
 Pearl Harbor
 VJ Day
 VE Day
 Axis Powers
 Allies
 Fat Man
 Manhattan Project
 D Day
Multiple Choice:
 Operation Torch
 Battle of the Bulge
 D Day
 Hiroshima/Nagasaki
 Internment camps
 Kamikazes
 Eisenhower
 Patton