Transcript U.S. History Chapter 2

George Marshall
Developed the Europe First strategy
because Hitler was more of a threat
than the Japanese.
Pushed for the formation of WAAC.
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Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps
Women taking on non-combat roles
that had been previously done by
soldiers.
George Marshall proclaimed that
women could do these jobs better
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A Phillip Randolph
Fought discrimination in the
military and war industries
Encouraged FDR to give an
executive order to provide for full
and equitable participation and
hiring
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Manhattan Project
The development of the atomic
bomb
Robert Oppenheimer leader of the
project (10 mile radius)
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Office of Price Admin.
Fought inflation by freezing prices
on most goods.
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War Production Board
Decided which companies would
convert to wartime production
and allocated raw materials to key
industries
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Rationing
The OPA also set up fixed
allotments of goods deemed
essential for the military
meat, shoes, sugar, coffee, gasoline
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
Supreme Commander of the Allied
Forces in Western Europe.
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Tuskegee Airmen
The first group of African
American Airmen trained at the
Tuskegee Institute, 99th Pursuit
Squadron.
Won 2 Distinguished Unit Citations
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D-Day
June 6, 1944 Allied landing at
Normandy, France. This is the
beginning of the taking back of
France.
Largest invasion in History
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Bradley & Patton
Two top US Generals that led the
fight to liberate Paris from 4 years
of German occupation
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Battle of the Bulge
• Last German Offensive. Battle
lasted for a month
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Navajo Code Talkers
400 Navajo were recruited into the
Marine Corps as code talkers to
transmit telephone and radio
messages.
Very instrumental in winning the
war
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Audie Murphy
The most decorated American
Soldier of World War II
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Harry S. Truman
Takes over as President with FDR’s
death on April 12, 1945
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V-E Day
May 8, 1945
Victory in Europe
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Douglass MacArthur
Supreme Commander of the Allied
Forces in the Pacific
“I shall return.” in regards to the
Philippines after the Bataan Death
March
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Chester Nimitz
Commander of American Naval
Forces in the Pacific
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Doolittle’s Raid
Spring of 1942, Air raid on Tokyo
led by Lieutenant Colonel James
Doolittle
US immediate response to Pearl
Harbor
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Midway
The turning point in the “Island
Hopping” campaign for the
United States in the Pacific
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Coral Sea
Five day battle that stopped the
Japanese drive toward Australia
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Iwo Jima
Critical to the Island Hopping
campaign because it gave the
United States a base from which
heavily loaded bombers could
reach Japan
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Okinawa
Gave a foretaste of what an
invasion of Japan might entail.
Churchill predicted at least 1
million American deaths in an
invasion of Japan
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Kamikaze
“Divine Wind” Japanese Mentality
It is an honor to die for your
country. If they didn't die for their
country they would be disgraced.
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Hiroshima
August 6, 1945
Enola Gay
First Atomic Bomb
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Nagasaki
August 9, 1945
Second Atomic Bomb
Japanese Surrender
Formal surrender Sept 2, 1945
USS Missouri
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Nuremberg Trials
Trial of Nazi war leaders who were
charged with “crimes against
humanity”
Entrenched the principle of
individual responsibility into
international law
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GI Bill of Rights
Provided education and training for
American Veterans
Paid for by the United States
Government
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James Farmer Congress of
Racial Equality (CORE)
An interracial organization to
confront urban segregation in the
North.
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Internment Camps
In the United States there was an extreme
fear of anyone of Japanese decent,
especially in CA. The Rose Bowl was
moved to North Carolina because of fear
of a Japanese invasion. County
Fairgrounds, Santa Anita, and others were
used as an internment camps.
(not just Japanese, Italians and Germans as well)
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Japanese American Citizens League
After World War II, this
organization pushed the US
government to compensate those
sent to internment camps for their
lost property.
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