Transcript Fighting for the Four Freedoms: World War II, 1941-1945

Norton Lecture Slides
Give Me Liberty!
AN AMERICAN HISTORY
FOURTH EDITION
by
Eric Foner
Lecture Preview
Fighting World War II
• The Home Front
• Visions of Postwar Freedom
• The American Dilemma
• The End of the War
•
The immensely popular Office of War Information
poster reproducing Norman Rockwell’s painting of
The Four Freedoms
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
Fighting World War II
 Focus Question:
What steps led to American participation
in World War II?
Fighting World War II:
Pre-War actions
•
•
Good Neighbors
The Road to War
A draft of FDR’s Four Freedoms speech of 1941
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
One of the patriotic war posters issued by the Office of
War Information
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
This Hand Guides the Reich
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Fighting World War II:
War before u.s.
involvement
•
•
Isolationism
War in Europe
In a 1940 cartoon, war clouds engulf Europe.
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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A newsreel theater in New York’s Times Square
announces Hitler’s blitzkrieg.
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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Fighting World War II:
U.s. Entrance in War
•
•
Toward Intervention
Pearl Harbor
Walt Disney’s program cover for the October 1941
“Fight for Freedom” rally in Madison Square Garden
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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The battleships West Virginia and Tennessee in flames
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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Fighting World War II:
battles
•
•
The War in the Pacific
The War in Europe
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Map 22.1 World War II in the Pacific, 1941–1945
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Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Map 22.2 World War II in Europe, 1942–1945
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Some of the 13,000 American troops forced
to surrender to the Japanese on Corregidor Island,
Philippines, May 1942
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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Members of the U.S. Marine Corps, Navy, and Coast Guard
taking part in an amphibious assault
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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Ben Hurwitz, a soldier from New York City
who fought in North Africa and Italy during WWII
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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German Prisoners of War, June 1944
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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Prisoners at a German concentration camp
liberated by Allied troops in 1945
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
The Home Front
 Focus Question:
How did the United States mobilize
economic resources and promote popular
support for the war effort?
The Home Front:
Government and
Economics
•
Mobilizing for War
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
A list of jobs available in Detroit in July 1941
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The Home Front:
Business and Labor
•
•
Business and the War
Labor in Wartime
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Map 22.3 Wartime Army and Navy Bases and Airfields
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Table 22.1 Labor Union Membership
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
M-5 tanks on the assembly line at a Detroit Cadillac plant
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The Home Front: Four
Freedoms
•
•
Fighting for the Four Freedoms
Freedom from Want
In this recruitment poster for the Boy Scouts, a svelte
Miss Liberty prominently displays the Bill of Rights.
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Patriotic Fan
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The Home Front: public
opinion
•
•
The Office of War Information
The Fifth Freedom
This patriotic war poster issued by the Office
of War Information links the words of Abraham Lincoln
to the struggle against Nazi tyranny.
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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“Rise of Asia”
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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Advertisement by the Liberty Motors and Engineering
Corporation in Fortune depicting Uncle Sam offering the
Fifth Freedom, “free enterprise”
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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The Home Front:
Women
•
•
Women at War
Women at Work
A female lathe operator in a Texas plant that produced
transport planes
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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This print, part of the America in the War exhibition, depicts
a stylized image of women workers.
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
Visions of Postwar
Freedom
 Focus Question:
What visions of America’s postwar role
began to emerge during the war?
Visions of Postwar
Freedom: Luce,
Wallace, and NPRB
•
•
Toward an American Century
“The Way of Life of Free Men”
Unlike the lathe operator on the previous page, the woman
operating industrial machinery remains glamorous, with
makeup in place and hair unruffled.
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
Despite the new independence enjoyed by millions of women,
WWII propaganda posters emphasized the male-dominated
family.
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
Visions of Postwar
Freedom: Economics
and employment
•
•
An Economic Bill of Rights
The Road to Serfdom
Ben Shahn’s poster, Our Friend, for the Congress
of Industrial Organizations’ political action committee
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
The American Dilemma
 Focus Question:
How did American minorities face
threats to their freedom at home and
abroad during World War II?
The American Dilemma:
Ethnic pluralism
•
Patriotic Assimilation
Arthur Poinier’s cartoon for the Detroit Free Press
demonstrates white ethnic groups incorporated within the
boundaries of American freedom.
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
The American Dilemma:
Mexican-Americans
•
•
The Bracero Program
Mexican-American Rights
The American Dilemma:
Asian-Americans
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•
•
Indians during the War
Asian-Americans in Wartime
Japanese-American Internment
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Map 22.4 Japanese- Americans
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Wartime Propaganda
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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Fumiko Hayashida
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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The American Dilemma:
blacks
•
•
Blacks and the War
Blacks and Military Service
During World War II, Red Cross blood banks separated
blood from black and white Americans .
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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y
This is America propaganda
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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The American Dilemma:
Civil Rights
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•
Birth of the Civil Rights Movement
The Double-V
This Is the Enemy, a 1942 poster by Victor Ancona and
Karl Koehler
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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The American Dilemma:
Race relations
•
What the Negro Wants
The American Dilemma:
Racial justice
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•
An American Dilemma
Black Internationalism
World War II reinvigorated the movement for civil rights
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
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Paul Robeson, the black actor, singer, and battler for
civil rights, leading Oakland dockworkers
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
The End of the War
 Focus Question:
How did the end of the war begin to
shape the postwar world?
The End of the War:
1944–1945
•
“The Most Terrible Weapon”
The End of the War:
Atomic Bomb
•
•
The Dawn of the Atomic Age
The Nature of the War
Remains of an Elementary School
after Hiroshima Bombing
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
The End of the War:
postwar planning
•
•
Planning the Postwar World
Yalta and Bretton Woods
The Big Three—Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill—at
their first meeting in Tehran, Iran, 1943
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
The End of the War:
Aftermath of war
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•
The United Nations
Peace, But not Harmony
This 1943 cartoon from the Chicago Defender questions
whether non-white peoples will be accorded the right to
choose their own government.
Give Me Liberty!: An American History, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2013 W.W. Norton & Company
Review
•
Fighting World War II
Focus Question: What steps led to American participation in World
War II?
•
The Home Front
Focus Question: How did the United States mobilize economic
resources and promote popular support for the war effort?
•
Visions of Postwar Freedom
Focus Question: What visions of America's postwar role began to
emerge during the war?
Review Continued
•
The American Dilemma
Focus Question: How did American minorities face threats to their
freedom at home and abroad during World War II?
•
The End of the War
Focus Question: How did the end of the war begin to shape the
postwar world?
MEDIA LINKS
——
Title
Eric Foner on World War II, pt 1:
African-Americans' experience
Chapter 22
——
Media link
http://wwnorton.com/common/mplay/6.7/?p=/college/history/foner4/&
f=ww2_african_americans
Eric Foner on World War II, pt 2:
http://wwnorton.com/common/mplay/6.7/?p=/college/history/foner4/m
internment of Japanese-Americans p4/&f=question113
Eric Foner on World War II, pt 3:
Roosevelt's and Wilson's wartime
administrations
http://wwnorton.com/common/mplay/6.7/?p=/college/history/foner4/m
p4/&f=question114
Eric Foner on World War II, pt 4:
treatment of Japanese-Americans
http://wwnorton.com/common/mplay/6.7/?p=/college/history/foner4/m
p4/&f=question118
Eric Foner on the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights
http://wwnorton.com/common/mplay/6.7/?p=/college/history/foner4/&
f=foner_liberty14
Next Lecture PREVIEW:
—— Chapter 23 ——
The United States and
the Cold War, 1945–1953
•
•
•
•
Origins of the Cold War
The Cold War and the Idea of Freedom
The Truman Presidency
The Anticommunist Crusade
Norton Lecture Slides
Independent and Employee-Owned
This concludes the Norton Lecture Slides
Slide Set for Chapter 22
Give Me Liberty!
AN AMERICAN HISTORY
FOURTH EDITION
http://wwnorton.com/college/history/give-me-liberty4/
by
Eric Foner