Transcript CH01 - TechMinded

Why Study Computers?
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Please turn your
cell phone off.
Using Computers to Achieve
Goals
Careers and Computers
Computers and the Internet
Computer Systems
Computer Systems Development,
Security, and Control
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Using Computers to
Achieve Goals
Some Fundamental Concepts
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
A Computer
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An electronic device used to
perform calculations and other
digital functions at high speed.
Computer activities
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Input
Processing
Storage
Output
How do these concepts relate to an MP3 player?
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Producing Valuable
Information
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Data: raw facts
Information: data organized and presented
in a manner that provides value to the user.
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Preferably accurate, complete, economical,
flexible, reliable, relevant, simple, timely, and
verifiable
How do these concepts relate to
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Advantages of Using
Computer Systems
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Increases in Productivity
Improved Quality
Competitive Advantage
How do these concepts relate to
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Review Questions
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Careers and Computers
A Survey of Computer Use in
Careers
~Please read on your own
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Computer Components
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Hardware
Software
Types of Computers
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Hardware
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Hardware includes all of the tangible parts
of a computer system used to input,
process, store, and output data and
information.
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Software
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Software consists of programs and
instructions given to the computer to
execute and run.
Two types:
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Application software serve people’s needs
System software serves the computer systems
needs
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Types of General Purpose
Computer Systems
MULTI-USER
SYSTEMS
(SERVERS)
Supercomputers
Most powerful with fastest
processing speeds.
Mainframe Computers
Large and powerful, shared
by hundreds concurrently.
Midrange Computers
Size of a three drawer file
cabinet and accommodates
several users at one time.
Workstations
High-end special-purpose
microcomputers
SINGLE USER
SYSTEMS
Personal Computers (PCs)
Small, inexpensive, often
called microcomputers.
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Special-Purpose Computer
systems
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Computers designed for one task.
Game consoles
Digital Music Players
Kiosk
Can you think of any others?
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
The Processor
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The processor carries out program instructions to
accomplish a goal.
Increasing processor speeds are expanding the
boundaries of our capabilities both professionally and
personally.
Production Sequencing Facility at DOE's Joint
Genome Institute in Walnut Creek, CA
Slugfest Video Game for XBox
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Storage
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Storage devices hold data permanently.
Memory, or RAM, is a form of storage that holds
data temporarily.
Advances in storage technologies have brought
advanced multimedia applications into the home,
and sparked the production of numerous portable
digital devices.
Like a suped-up
Tivo,this 1 TB
digital video
recorder from
Sony can store
1,000 hours of
television
programming.
The iPod from Apple stores 10,000
songs.
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Input and Output Devices
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While the keyboard
and mouse remain the
most common input
device, new methods
of inputting data, such
as voice commands
and stylus are making
human computer
interaction more
natural.
Interacting with your computer using
a stylus will become commonplace
as tablet PCs become increasingly
popular.
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Review Questions
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Computer Systems
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Database Systems
Telecommunications and Networks
E-commerce & Transaction Processing
Information, Decision Support Systems
Artificial Intelligence
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Information System
Components
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Database Systems
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Database: an organized collection of
facts and information.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3497395.stm
Database of known
Web sites associated
with key words
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Transaction Processing
Systems (TPS)
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Transaction: an
exchange of goods
TPS: an information
system designed to
support and record
completed
transactions
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
E-commerce
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E-commerce involves conducting
business or other transactions online,
over the Internet or other
telecommunications system.
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Business-to-business (B2B)
Business-to-consumer (B2C)
Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Management Information
Systems (MIS)
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MIS: an information system designed
to provide routine information to
managers and decision makers
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Decision Support Systems
(DSS)
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DSS: An information system designed
to support problem-specific decision
making.
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Artificial Intelligence and More
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Artificial Intelligence: computer
systems take on characteristics
of human intelligence.
Expert System: an information
system that can make
suggestions and reach
conclusions in much the same
way as a human expert.
http://www.artificial-life.com
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Review Questions
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Computer Systems Development,
Security, and Controls
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Please read on your own.
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.
Questions?
Don’t forget to turn your
phone back on!!
© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.