Transcript Regents Review 2 - The Bronx High School of Science

Regents Review 2
SUCKAS!!!!!
Movement of water
• Name the term that describes the
movement of water
• Osmosis
• Describe the movement of water
• Area of high water (%) to an area of low
water (%)
• What determines the percentage of water?
• Dissolved solute (salt, sugar, protein, etc.)
The Effects of Osmosis on Cells
• How would a cell (5% salt) placed in a 10% salt
solution look like?
• Shrivel
• Name that solution
• Hypertonic
• How would a cell (5% salt) placed in a 1% salt
solution
• Bloat or explode
• Name that solution
• Hypotonic
Effects of Osmosis Continued
• What would happen if the cell was placed
in a .9% salt solution?
• Nothing
• Why?
• Name that solution
• Isotonic
Animal vs plant cells
• How will an animal cell placed in a
hypertonic solution look? Plant cell?
• How about if they were placed in a
hypotonic solution?
• Why does the plant cell not burst?
• Plant cell has a cell wall
Making Connections in cells
• List the different cell organelles
• Choose two organelles and state how
each works together to maintain
homeostasis in the cell
Body Systems
• List 7 body systems
• Choose two systems and state how they
work together to maintain homeostasis in
the human
• Digestive and circulatory
• Endocrine and digestive
• Endocrine and circulatory
• Circulatory and nervous
Immunity
• How does active and passive immunity
differ?
• Active – have an immune response and
generate memory cells (permanent)
• Passive – get antibodies from someone
else (temporary)
Humoral Vs. Cell Mediated Immune
Response
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Define humoral response
Which blood cells are involved?
B cells, T Helper and Macrophages
Describe the response
Macrophage ingests pathogen; presents
antigen to T helper, T helper activates B
cells (into plasma and memory cells)
• Plasma cells produce antibodies
Antibodies…what are they and how
do they work?
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What are they made of?
Protein
How do they work?
Recognizes specific antigen by shape of
antigen
Cell Mediated
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Summarize cell mediated response
Macrophage ingests infected self cell
Presents antigen to T helper
T helper activates cytotxic T cells
Cytotoxic T cells release enzymes to
destroy infected self cells
• T suppressor deactivates Cytotxic T cells
Respiration
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Why do cells undergo cell respiration?
Release stored energy from food
Where does it occur?
Mitochondria and cytoplasm
What are the reactants? Products?
Reactants – sugar and oxygen
Products – carbon dioxide, water and ATP
Name two body systems that aid cell respiration
Photosynthesis
• Give an example of an organism that
undergoes photosynthesis
• Where does it take place in a plant cell?
• Chloroplast
• What are the reactants? Products?
• Reactants – carbon dioxide and water,
light energy needed
• Products – glucose and oxygen, some
ATP
Light dependent reactions
• Name the two light dependent reactions
• Photolysis and Photophosporylation
• What is photolysis? Which photosystem is
it?
• Splits water into hydrogen and
oxygen(waste), system II
• What is photophosphorylation? Which
system?
• ATP generated here, system 1
Light Independent reaction
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What is the product of these reactions?
Glucose
Where does it take place?
Stroma of chloroplast
Does it require light? Explain
Not directly but uses the hydrogen and
ATP from the light dependent reactions
Cell Respiration Vs.
Photosynthesis
• Does cell respiration take place in plant
cells?
• YES, they have mitochondria