Transcript Biological Evolution

Biological Evolution
SWBAT differentiate between evolution, the
theory of evolution, and biological evolution;
describe the theory of inheritance of acquired
characteristics and present arguments against
it; list several examples that refute the theory
of inheritance of acquired characteristics;
describe the theory of natural selection as
presented by Darwin and present arguments
against it; describe the mutation theory of
evolution and present arguments against it;
describe the mutation-selection theory of
evolution and present arguments against it
Biological Evolution
 Theory
of Evolution
– Random changes throughout history
have changed the universe (or the
creatures within it)
 Biological
evolution)
evolution (aka organic
– The change of one kind of organism into
another kind of organism
Biological Evolution
 Why
is biological evolution only
guesswork?
– There is no observation of the changes
– Science deals with observables, so it
cannot prove any evolution
– No missing link has been found
How Biological Evolution
Supposedly Took Place
 Lamarck’s
Theory
 Inheritance of Acquired Traits
– Characteristics were acquired due to the
organism’s environment. The loss of a
feature can also happen due to disease
or lack of use. These acquired traits
would then be passed on to offspring
Stretching for an Explanation

How does the information in this facet
disprove Lamarck’s theory?
– August Weismann chopped off mice tails, but
the offspring still had tails.
– When humans cut dogs ears or tails their
offspring still have long ears and tails.
– Giraffes necks have not de-stretched even
though they no longer need to eat off high
trees.
– In the Padaung tribe, each woman needs to
stretch her neck, it’s not passed down.
How Biological Evolution
Supposedly Took Place
Charles Darwin
 Natural Selection

– In every species there are more young
produced than can be supported (some have
to die)
– Individuals will compete for necessities of
survival (water, food, shelter)
– There are some individuals that compete more
effectively
– Individuals with traits that help them win will
survive and reproduce (survival of the fittest)
– Those individuals will pass on their traits
creating organisms best suited to survive.
Natural Selection at Work
 Why
is the changing of color in the
pepper moths not biological
evolution?
– The color change was not due to a
newly created gene. The gene existed
before, but was rarely passed on
because the moth’s died quickly.
How Biological Evolution
Supposedly Took Place
 Hugo
De Vries
 Evolution by Mutation
– Only mutations can produce the
necessary genetic changes for biological
evolution.
– Mutations create new genes that are
passed on.
Modern Evolutionary Theory
 What
is the mutation selection
theory?
– Neo-Darwinism – combination of Darwin
and De Vries theories
– Mutations supply new traits
– Organisms produce more offspring than
can survive
– Selection allows only those with the best
traits to survive