Transcript New Science and Art

New Science
and Art
Cultural Revolution
1750-1900
New Science
• Cell Theory:
– 1838, Biologist Theodor
Schwannand Botanist
Mathias Scheiden
• Evolution
– Charles Darwin, naturalist,
On the Origin of Species
(1859).
• Theory: Natural Selection
• Genetic
– Gregor Mendel, Studied
pea plants in 1860.
• Theorized that “small
particles” were passed
down from parent to
offspring.
• Germ Theory
– Edward Jenner and Louis
Pasteur developed
understandings of germs
and vacinations. Worked
with small pox and
improved sterile conditions
in surgery.
New Science (cont…)
Psychology:
• Sigmund Freud, (1890s)
– Id--irrational
unconscious, (pleasure
principle)
– Super Ego-- Rational
mind, (reality principle).
– Ego-- resolution of the
ID and Super Ego.
• This is the outward
person we all are in
society
• His theories, known as
psycho-analysis, used
dream theory and the
unconscious mind to
define human behavior.
• This is a direct conflict to
the Behaviorist school of
psychology
• Ivan Pavlov:
– Psychologist who studied
animal behavior. Began
behaviorist school of
psychology.
New Art
• Impressionism
• Romanticism
– In Literature, poetry,
music and art.
– Reaction to logic and
reason of the
Enlightenment.
– Emphasized emotion,
nature, personal
freedom, and mythic
historical figures
– Painters abandoned
traditional rules of
perspective, light and
color.
– Strived to capture “an
impression” their subject
left on their senses.
• Postimpressionism
– Rejection of
impressionism and all
rules of art.
– “I do not want to
reproduce nature, I want
to re-create it.” -P.
Cezanne
Romanticism:
Liberty leading the People, E. Delacroix
Impressionism: C.Monet
Postimpressionism: P. Cezanne
New Art Web Assignment
AP World History
•
Use the internet to find examples of paintings and other art work from the movements
we discussed Today in class.
You need to find one piece of art for each of the 3 movements below:
 
Romanticism
 
Impressionism
 
Post impressionism
Website to try:
• Art History on the Web--http://witcombe.sbc.edu/ARTHLinks.html
• The Metropolitan Museum--http://www.metmuseum.org/