Transcript Descent with Modification - Mt. SAC Faculty Contact Directory

Descent with Modification
History of Evolution
Plato (427 – 347 B.C.) – Two Worlds
Aristotle (384 – 322 B.C.) – Scale of Nature
Judeo-Christian – Old Testament
Natural Theology (1700’s) – Creator’s plan
studying biology
Linnaeus (1707 – 1778) - Taxonomy
History of Evolution
Cuvier (1769 – 1832)
Father of Paleontology
Catastrophism
History of Evolution
Hutton (1726 – 1797)
Gradualism
History of Evolution
Charles Lyell (1797 –
1875)
Uniformitarianism
Principles of Geology
• Earth must be very old
• Very small processes
can make large changes
over time
History of Evolution
Lamark (1809)
Inheritance of
Acquired Traits
Darwinian Revolution
Medical School
Clergyman
HMS Beagle
Darwinian Revolution
HMS Beagle (1831 –
1836) – chart the coast
of South America
Captain Robert
FitzRoy – Companion
Darwinian Revolution
Darwinian Revolution
Darwinian Revolution
Darwinian Revolution
The Origin of Species
by Means of Natural
Selection or the
Preservation of
Favoured Races in the
Struggle For Life
(1858)
Darwinian Revolution
Why did it take 22
years to publish?
Darwinian Revolution
Alfred Wallace
(1823 – 1913)
East Indies
Darwinian Revolution
Two main Points
Descent with
Modification
Natural Selection
Natural Selection (Ernst Mayr)
Observation # 1
All Species have the
ability to increase
exponentially
Observation # 2
Populations tend to
remain the same
Observation # 3
Resources are Limited
Inference # 1
Production of more
individuals than can
possibly survive leads
to a struggle for
survival
Natural Selection (Ernst Mayr)
Observation # 4
Individuals vary
Observation # 5
Much of the variation
is inheritable
Inference # 2
The Individuals who
inherit the best traits
for the environment are
likely to leave
offspring
Inference # 3
This difference will
lead to a gradual
change in the
population
Evidence of Evolution
Taxonomy
Evidence of Evolution
Fossil Record
Evidence of Evolution
Biogeography
Evidence of Evolution
Comparative Anatomy
Homologous Structures
Evidence of Evolution
Comparative
Embryology
Evidence of Evolution
Comparative Molecular
Biology