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S7L5.B
CRCT Preparation
1. Which of the following factors is necessary in
order for natural selection to occur in a species?
A genetic variation within a population
B an abundance of food resources
C a hospitable environment
D a strong family structure
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1. Which of the following factors is necessary in order
for natural selection to occur in a species?
A genetic variation within a population
B an abundance of food resources
C a hospitable environment
D a strong family structure
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S7L5
CRCT Preparation
2. The branching diagram shows the relationship
between several species of finches. Which species’
DNA is most similar to the DNA of the tree finch?
A Ground finch
B Cocoa finch
C Vegetarian finch
D Warbler finch
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2. The branching diagram shows the relationship
between several species of finches. Which species’
DNA is most similar to the DNA of the tree finch?
A Ground finch
B Cocoa finch
C Vegetarian finch
D Warbler finch
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S7L5.B
CRCT Preparation
3. Which of the following is an example
of natural selection?
A bears moving into a new part of a
forest over many generations
B a tree growing towards sunlight
C shrubs growing longer thorns over
many generations
D a plant growing between rocks
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3. Which of the following is an example of
natural selection?
A bears moving into a new part of a forest
over many generations
B a tree growing towards sunlight
C shrubs growing longer thorns over many
generations
D a plant growing between rocks
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S7L5.A
CRCT Preparation
4. Charles Darwin noticed that finches on different islands of
the Galápagos Islands were similar but that their beaks differed.
What explanation for these differences did he propose?
A The beaks of the finches are adapted to the way the bird
usually gets food.
B Specific genetic mutations occur that make beak size
change in response to random selection factors.
C The different beaks of the finches would one day evolve into
identical beaks.
D Beak size is related to the size of the finch.
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4. Charles Darwin noticed that finches on different
islands of the Galápagos Islands were similar but that
their beaks differed. What explanation for these
differences did he propose?
A The beaks of the finches are adapted to the way the
bird usually gets food.
B Specific genetic mutations occur that make beak size
change in response to random selection factors.
C The different beaks of the finches would one day
evolve into identical beaks.
D Beak size is related to the size of the finch.
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S7L5
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5. A population of organisms is separated into two
groups for many years. When will the two populations
be considered two different species?
A when the populations live in different habitats
B when the populations eat different food
C when the populations behave differently
D when the populations can no longer interbreed
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5. A population of organisms is separated into two
groups for many years. When will the two populations
be considered two different species?
A when the populations live in different habitats
B when the populations eat different food
C when the populations behave differently
D when the populations can no longer interbreed
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S7L5
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6. The table shows average beak measurements for birds living
on three islands. If narrow beaks are best for eating insects, on
which island would you expect to find the most birds that eat
insects?
A Verde Island
C
Rosa Island
B Azul Island
D
Verde Island and Azul Island
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6. The table shows average beak measurements for
birds living on three islands. If narrow beaks are best
for eating insects, on which island would you expect
to find the most birds that eat insects?
A Verde Island
C Rosa Island
B Azul Island
D Verde Island and Azul Island
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S7L3.C
CRCT Preparation
7. Which of the following is an example of selective
breeding?
A Populations of lizards that have a certain trait become
more numerous after a change in climate.
B Farmers allow only sheep that produce the best wool to
breed.
C A population of bacteria develops resistance to an
antibiotic.
D A population of insects develops resistance to a pesticide
after farmers repeatedly use the same pesticide to kill the
insects.
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7. Which of the following is an example of selective
breeding?
A Populations of lizards that have a certain trait
become more numerous after a change in climate.
B Farmers allow only sheep that produce the best
wool to breed.
C A population of bacteria develops resistance to an
antibiotic.
D A population of insects develops resistance to a
pesticide after farmers repeatedly use the same
pesticide to kill the insects.
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S7L5
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8. Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection was based partly
on his observation that
A DNA is the genetic material of all living things.
B all eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.
C some organisms have more offspring than others do.
D garden pea plants can self-pollinate.
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8. Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection was
based partly on his observation that
A DNA is the genetic material of all living things.
B all eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.
C some organisms have more offspring than others
do.
D garden pea plants can self-pollinate.
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S7L3.A
CRCT Preparation
9. In some plants, the allele for round seeds (R) is
dominant over wrinkled seeds (r). Which of these
genotypes will accurately complete the Punnett
square?
A RR
B Rr
C rr
D rR
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Chapter 5
CRCT Preparation
9. In some plants, the allele for round seeds (R) is
dominant over wrinkled seeds (r). Which of these
genotypes will accurately complete the Punnett
square?
A RR
B Rr
C rr
D rR
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S7L3.A
CRCT Preparation
10. Which of the following best describes the difference
between the meanings of phenotype and genotype?
A A phenotype is the entire genetic makeup of an organism,
whereas a genotype is the combination of genes for one
specific trait.
B A phenotype is the appearance of an organism, whereas
a genotype is the genetic makeup of the organism.
C A phenotype is the result of the environment on
appearance, whereas a genotype is the result of genes on
appearance.
D A phenotype is the result of heterozygous alleles, whereas
a genotype is the result of homozygous alleles.
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Chapter 5
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10.
Which of the following best describes the difference
between the meanings of phenotype and genotype?
A A phenotype is the entire genetic makeup of an organism,
whereas a genotype is the combination of genes for one
specific trait.
B A phenotype is the appearance of an organism, whereas a
genotype is the genetic makeup of the organism.
C A phenotype is the result of the environment on
appearance, whereas a genotype is the result of genes on
appearance.
D A phenotype is the result of heterozygous alleles, whereas a
genotype is the result of homozygous alleles.
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S7L3.A
CRCT Preparation
11. The allele for freckles, F, is dominant among
humans. If a woman with freckles (FF) and a man
without freckles (ff) have children, what are the
possible genotypes of the children?
A Ff
B FF, Ff, ff
C Ff, ff
D ff
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Chapter 5
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11.
The allele for freckles, F, is dominant among
humans. If a woman with freckles (FF) and a man
without freckles (ff) have children, what are the
possible genotypes of the children?
A Ff
B FF, Ff, ff
C Ff, ff
D ff
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S7L3.A
CRCT Preparation
12. Part of a mouse’s tail is cut off as the mouse
escapes from a cat. The mouse later reproduces. Which
explanation best describes why the mouse’s offspring
have long tails?
A Long tails are a dominant trait.
B Short tails do not appear in the first generation or the
second generation.
C Cutting the tail of the mouse changed its genes.
D Cutting the tail of the mouse did not change its
genes.
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Chapter 5
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12.
Part of a mouse’s tail is cut off as the mouse
escapes from a cat. The mouse later reproduces.
Which explanation best describes why the mouse’s
offspring have long tails?
A Long tails are a dominant trait.
B Short tails do not appear in the first generation or
the second generation.
C Cutting the tail of the mouse changed its genes.
D Cutting the tail of the mouse did not change its
genes.
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S7L3.C
CRCT Preparation
13. Which of the following is a process in which
humans choose specific mates for organisms, such
as dogs or roses, to produce organisms that have
desirable traits?
A selective breeding
B sexual reproduction
C genetic typing
D genetic counseling
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Chapter 5
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13.
Which of the following is a process in which
humans choose specific mates for organisms, such
as dogs or roses, to produce organisms that have
desirable traits?
A selective breeding
B sexual reproduction
C genetic typing
D genetic counseling
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S7CS3.A
CRCT Preparation
14. The table shows the results of crosses of pea plants. Based
on the information in the table, what is the approximate ratio of
yellow seeds to green seeds?
A 1:3
B 3:1
C 3:3
D 2:1
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Chapter 5
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14.
The table shows the results of crosses of pea
plants. Based on the information in the table, what is
the approximate ratio of yellow seeds to green
seeds?
A 1:3
B 3:1
C 3:3
D 2:1
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S7L5.A
CRCT Preparation
15. A population of mosquitoes is sprayed with a new
insecticide. Most of the mosquitoes are killed but a few
survive. In the next generation, the praying continues, but
still more mosquitoes hatch that are unaffected by the
insecticide. Which of the following best explains these
results?
A.
The insecticide caused a mutation in the genes of the immune
mosquitoes.
B. The mosquitoes learned how to fight the insecticide.
C. A few mosquitoes in the first population were immune and passed this
trait to their offspring.
D. The insecticide caused the mosquitoes to develop an immune response
that was inherited.
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S7L5.A
CRCT Preparation
15. A population of mosquitoes is sprayed with a new
insecticide. Most of the mosquitoes are killed but a few
survive. In the next generation, the praying continues, but
still more mosquitoes hatch that are unaffected by the
insecticide. Which of the following best explains these
results?
A.
The insecticide caused a mutation in the genes of the immune
mosquitoes.
B. The mosquitoes learned how to fight the insecticide.
C. A few mosquitoes in the first population were immune and passed this
trait to their offspring.
D. The insecticide caused the mosquitoes to develop an immune response
that was inherited.
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S7L5.A
CRCT Preparation
16. Five hundred grasshoppers of one species were
sprayed with a new insecticide. Twenty-four hours
later nearly all the grasshoppers were dead. A few,
however, survived. This outcome illustrates which
one of the Darwin’s key ideas?
A.
B.
There are variations among individual within a species.
Animals adapt to new environments.
C.
All living things come from pre-existing living things.
D.
New species develop from survivors.
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S7L5.A
CRCT Preparation
16. Five hundred grasshoppers of one species were
sprayed with a new insecticide. Twenty-four hours
later nearly all the grasshoppers were dead. A few,
however, survived. This outcome illustrates which
one of the Darwin’s key ideas?
A.
B.
There are variations among individual within a species.
Animals adapt to new environments.
C.
All living things come from pre-existing living things.
D.
New species develop from survivors.
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S7L5.B
CRCT Preparation
17. Suppose that a small species of flowering plant lives
in a desert area. Over many thousands of years, the
area changes to a forest. The plant remains small in
size, but undergoes other changes to adapt to the
new environment which allows less light to the
developing plant. What of the changes is likely?
A.
Development of deeper roots.
B.
Development of thick cuticles
C.
Development of thorns
D.
Development of larger and broader leaves.
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S7L5.B
CRCT Preparation
17. Suppose that a small species of flowering plant lives
in a desert area. Over many thousands of years, the
area changes to a forest. The plant remains small in
size, but undergoes other changes to adapt to the
new environment which allows less light to the
developing plant. What of the changes is likely?
A.
Development of deeper roots.
B.
Development of thick cuticles
C.
Development of thorns
D.
Development of larger and broader leaves.
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S7L5.B
CRCT Preparation
18. Where might an albino animal have a
selective advantage over an animal with a
brown coat?
A. Taiga
B. Tundra
C. Ocean Shoreline
D. Temperate Forest
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S7L5.B
CRCT Preparation
18. Where might an albino animal have a
selective advantage over an animal with a
brown coat?
A. Taiga
B. Tundra
C. Ocean Shoreline
D. Temperate Forest
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S7L5.C
CRCT Preparation
19. Animal fossils are more plentiful than plant
fossils because animals contain
A. Hard parts such as bones, teeth, and shells.
B. Soft parts such as flesh and hair
C. Large amounts of water
D. Small amounts of chemicals
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S7L5.C
CRCT Preparation
19. Animal fossils are more plentiful than plant
fossils because animals contain
A. Hard parts such as bones, teeth, and shells.
B. Soft parts such as flesh and hair
C. Large amounts of water
D. Small amounts of chemicals
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S7L5.A
CRCT Preparation
20. In his observations of the finches in the Galapagos
Islands, Darwin stated that we could never “watch”
natural selection in action. Why did Darwin believe
this?
A.
Natural selection happens so quickly, it is difficult to see.
B.
Natural selection is an internal process that can not be
outwardly observed.
C.
Natural selection occurs over so many generations, it is
impossible to see changes occur.
D.
Natural selection is a process that occurs randomly, and it
is unlikely that a human would be present when it occurs.
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S7L5.A
CRCT Preparation
20. In his observations of the finches in the Galapagos
Islands, Darwin stated that we could never “watch”
natural selection in action. Why did Darwin believe
this?
A.
Natural selection happens so quickly, it is difficult to see.
B.
Natural selection is an internal process that can not be
outwardly observed.
C.
Natural selection occurs over so many generations, it is
impossible to see changes occur.
D.
Natural selection is a process that occurs randomly, and it
is unlikely that a human would be present when it occurs.
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