Transcript ch18_crct - Cobb Learning

Chapter 18
Studying Space
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CRCT Preparation
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1. Why did Copernicus think the stars are farther from Earth
than the planets are?
A He thought that Earth was the center of the universe and the
other planets and the sun revolved around Earth.
B He hypothesized that the sun is at the center of the universe
and that Earth and all of the planets orbit the sun.
C He noticed that the planets appeared to move relative to
each other and that the stars did not.
D He understood that all of the planets revolve around the sun
in an elliptical orbit and that the sun is not in the exact center of
the universe.
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1. Why did Copernicus think the stars are farther from Earth
than the planets are?
A He thought that Earth was the center of the universe and the
other planets and the sun revolved around Earth.
B He hypothesized that the sun is at the center of the universe
and that Earth and all of the planets orbit the sun.
C He noticed that the planets appeared to move relative to
each other and that the stars did not.
D He understood that all of the planets revolve around the sun
in an elliptical orbit and that the sun is not in the exact center of
the universe.
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2. The relationship between a city and a state is most
similar to the relationship between a star and what
other item?
A a universe
B a solar system
C a galaxy
D a cluster
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2. The relationship between a city and a state is most
similar to the relationship between a star and what
other item?
A a universe
B a solar system
C a galaxy
D a cluster
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3. Where is an X ray telescope most likely to be
located?
A in a desert
B on a mountaintop
C on an island
D in space
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3. Where is an X ray telescope most likely to be
located?
A in a desert
B on a mountaintop
C on an island
D in space
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4. The Fernbank Science Center in Atlanta, Georgia, has
the same type of telescope as shown. What type of
telescope does the Fernbank Science Center have?
A gamma ray
C radio
B reflecting
D refracting
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4. The Fernbank Science Center in Atlanta, Georgia, has
the same type of telescope as shown. What type of
telescope does the Fernbank Science Center have?
A gamma ray
C radio
B reflecting
D refracting
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5. Dewanda has found a very bright star in the night
sky. She tells her friend that it is located 17 degrees
less than the zenith. What is the altitude of the star at
which Dewanda is looking?
A 73°
B 107°
C 163°
D 197°
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5. Dewanda has found a very bright star in the night
sky. She tells her friend that it is located 17 degrees
less than the zenith. What is the altitude of the star at
which Dewanda is looking?
A 73°
B 107°
C 163°
D 197°
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6. Which discovery made by Galileo Galilei showed
that planets were physical bodies like Earth?
A the craters and mountains on the moon
B the laws of planetary motion
C the force of gravity
D the orbits of the planets
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6. Which discovery made by Galileo Galilei showed
that planets were physical bodies like Earth?
A the craters and mountains on the moon
B the laws of planetary motion
C the force of gravity
D the orbits of the planets
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7. How did Edwin Hubble discover that the universe is
expanding?
A by detecting radio waves from distant galaxies
B by analyzing the light from stars and galaxies
C by measuring the paths of stars across the night sky
D by computing the distance light travels in one year
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7. How did Edwin Hubble discover that the universe is
expanding?
A by detecting radio waves from distant galaxies
B by analyzing the light from stars and galaxies
C by measuring the paths of stars across the night sky
D by computing the distance light travels in one year
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8. What do astronomers use to describe a star’s
position in relation to Earth?
A celestial sphere
B handheld astrolabe
C mural quadrant
D reflecting telescope
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8. What do astronomers use to describe a star’s
position in relation to Earth?
A celestial sphere
B handheld astrolabe
C mural quadrant
D reflecting telescope
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9. Which of the following statements best explains why
astronomers study all of the wavelengths of the
electromagnetic spectrum?
A Each color of visible light is a different wavelength of
electromagnetic radiation.
B Each type of radiation gives different information about
an object in space.
C Earth’s atmosphere blocks most invisible radiation from
objects in space.
D Some of the different types of radiation are not visible to
the human eye.
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9. Which of the following statements best explains why
astronomers study all of the wavelengths of the
electromagnetic spectrum?
A Each color of visible light is a different wavelength of
electromagnetic radiation.
B Each type of radiation gives different information about
an object in space.
C Earth’s atmosphere blocks most invisible radiation from
objects in space.
D Some of the different types of radiation are not visible to
the human eye.
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10. What two events in the 1600s had a lasting effect
on modern astronomy? Describe the impact of these
events.
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10. Answer - Full credit answers should include the
following points:
• The invention of the telescope is one of the events.
• The telescope was used by Galileo to observe objects in space.
• Galileo showed that planets are physical bodies like Earth.
• The description of gravity is the other event.
• Newton proved that the force of gravity depends of the mass of the
objects and the distance between the objects.
• Newton’s description of gravity explained why all of the planets orbit
the sun, as Copernicus and Kepler had earlier proposed.
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11. Sofia, who lives in Atlanta, Georgia, can see the
star Polaris all year long at anytime during the night.
Her cousin Aldo never sees Polaris. Explain what this
can tell you about where Aldo lives and what kind of
star Polaris is.
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11. Answer - Full credit answers should include the
following points:
• As the Earth revolves around the sun, different areas of
the universe can be seen from season to season and in
each hemisphere.
• Because Polaris can be seen every night in the Northern
Hemisphere, where Sofia lives, Polaris is a
circumpolar star.
• Aldo lives in the Southern Hemisphere where Polaris is
never seen.
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