Transcript Jacket Options

Fiber Overview
CIBET, 2016
Mike Watson
Agenda
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Optical Fiber 101
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Basic Architecture
SM vs. MM
Key Definitions
Choosing best fit optical fiber
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Common Parameters
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Optical Fiber Cables
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Cable selection
Composite cables for Line Powering
Optical Cabling solutions
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Pigtailed
Stubbed
Plug and Play
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Why Use Fiber Optics
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What is Fiber Optics Transmission
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The transmission of information in the form of light through a transparent medium, typically
high-purity glass.
Information is encoded into electrical signals
Electrical signals are converted into digital or
Analog (frequency or amplitude modulated)
Light signals
Light travels along length of fiber cable
A detector detects and changes the light back
into electrical signals
Electrical signals are decoded into information.
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Optical Fiber Anatomy
• Core
– Carries the light signals
– Silica (SiO2) and a
dopant (GeO2) to
raise index of refraction
245 μm
125 μm
8 - 62.5 μm
• Cladding
– Keeps the light in the core
– Pure Silica (SiO2)
• Coating
– 5µm Acrylate layer
– For handling and protection
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Key Definitions
Index of Refraction =
Speed of Light in a Vacuum
Speed of Light in a Medium
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Principle of Operation
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Key Definitions
• Optical Source
– Types of Sources
• LED (Light Emitting Diode), Low cost, operates at 850nm and 1300nm.
• VCSEL (vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser), are low cost lasers, they operate at 850nm
• LASER, (Light Amplification from Stimulated Emission of Radiation), are typically more
expensive, operating wavelengths of 1310nm, 1490nm, 1550nm 1625 and others.
• Attenuation
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- Loss of signal energy
Intrinsic attenuation (loss of signal strength due to interaction between the photons and inherent
physical properties of the optical fiber), made up of the sum of absorption and scattering
Nearing the theoretical limit.
Absorption: photon gives up its kinetic energy
to subatomic particles
Scattering: photon bounces of subatomic
Particles, 95% of intrinsic attenuation
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Key Definitions
• Attenuation
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- Loss of signal energy
Extrinsic Attenuation, loss of signal strength due to changes in the dimensional properties of the
optical fiber
• Macrobends: large scale bends, occur when the optical fiber bend radius is exceeded,
controlled by the installer.
• Microbends: small scale distortions of the shape of the optical fiber, again controlled by
installer.
• Imperfect junctions (splices, fiber end faces etc.)
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dB(attenuation) = -10 Log(Pout / Pin )
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Key Definitions
• Dispersion – Spreading of the optical signal pulses as they travel along the length of the
fiber( making individual signals indistinguishable to the optical receiver)
– illustrated using Digital frequency
– Various types of dispersion
• Modal Dispersion, Chromatic Dispersion (Material Dispersion, Waveguide Dispersion),
Polarization Mode Dispersion etc.
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Attenuation vs. Dispersion
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Comparing Single-mode and Multimode Fibers
Single-mode fiber
Core
Source
Attenuation
Dispersion
Bandwidth
Size 8.3 µm
Lasers 1310, 1550,
1625 nm
0.4/0.3 dB/km
(1310/1550 nm)
No modal
Infinite. Electronics
limiting factor
SMF
MMF
Existing MMF Fiber in Building
Low Loss Critical
New Installation
Future Proof
Easy termination
Multimode fiber
Core
Source
Attenuation
Dispersion
Bandwidth
Size 50 or 62.5 µm
LED or VCSEL
850 0r 1300 nm
62.5 µm = 3.4/1.0
50 µm = 3.0/1.0
Dominated by
modal dispersion
Distance, Fiber
type, source type.
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Corning’s Singlemode Fiber
SMF-28e+® Optical Fiber
• 1310 nm optimized
• Zero dispersion in the 1310 region
• ITU-T G.652.D-compliant
• Attenuation: 0.4 / 0.3 dB/km
@ 1310 / 1550 nm
Clearcurve® Optical Fiber
• Bend insensitive performance compared to legacy single mode fibers.
• Compliant to G.652D and G.657 categories and compatible with the installed base of
Corning SMF-28e® and SMF-28e+® fiber.
• Two options available:
Fiber Type
Bend Radius
G657 Compliance
• Clearcurve XB
ClearCurve® XB
10mm
G.657.A1
• Clearcurve ZBL
ClearCurve ®ZBL
5mm
G.657.B3
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Cable Types
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Outdoor – Cables Typically in seen DAS
SST-Ribbon™
(12-216 Fibers)
Gel-Filled and GelFree Options
Jacket Options
Dielectric
Armor
Plenum
Riser
FREEDM Cable™
Plenum
(12-72 Fibers)
Riser
(12-288 Fibers)
Jacket Options
Dielectric
Armor
ALTOS® Loose Tube
(up to 432 Fibers)
Gel-Free (288-432f)
Jacket Options
Dielectric
Armor
ROC Drop
(Single Fiber)
Gel-Free Only
Jacket Options
Dielectric
Tone able
Preconnectorized
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Indoor - Cables Typically in DAS Indoor
Ribbon
Actifi Cable™
(12 - 216 F)
(2 - 24 Fibers)
16AWG (2 – 6 Pairs)
14AWG (2 – 6 Pairs)
12AWG (1 – 2 Pairs)
Jacket Options
Dielectric
Armor
Plenum
Riser
Jacket Options
Dielectric
Armor
Plenum
Indoor/Outdoor
MIC® Unitized Cable
(36 – 144F)
Jacket Options
Dielectric
Armor
MIC® Cable
(2 – 24F)
Jacket Options
Dielectric
Tone able
Preconnectorized
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Ribbon – Basic Analysis
Simple Scenario – 500ft run, 144 fiber MIC vs. Ribbon
MIC
Ribbon
Material
$5,325
$1,870
Splicing
$2,880
$2,100
Cable Prep
$200
$100
Total Cost
$8,405
$4,070
0.92"
0.59"
Cable Diameter
Cost
Installation
Size
Splicing
High count ribbon
cables. are typically less
expensive than high
count MIC cables
Typically less expensive
to install than single
strand MIC cables due to
labor savings during
fusion splicing
Have smaller cable
diameter than single
strand MIC
SMF is easy to splice
when compared to
splicing a MIC cable.
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Composite Cable Deployment Examples
Composite Fiber
Cable
Power Distribution
Rectifiers
Batteries for
Power Backup
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Selecting the Best Fit Cable
Composite
MIC
Ribbon
Freedm
ALTOS
DC Power
Distribution
Pre connectorized
All Indoor
All Outdoor
Indoor / Outdoor
Armored
Available?
Environment
Code
Fiber
Hardware
Indoor, Outdoor, Parking
Garage, Oil Refinery,
Cruise Ship etc.
Conduit requirements,
interlocking armor, DC?
Density. Ribbon vs.
MIC/Loose. Crush or
rodent resistance
requirements?
Splicing/termination
capabilities.
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Connector Types
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Connectors
OptiTap
TIA/EIA 568 Maximum Reflectance
• Multimode
≤ -20dB
• Single-mode
≤ -26dB
COC Reflectance Standards
• PC (Physical Contact)
• SPC (Super PC)
• UPC (Ultra PC)
• APC (Angled PC)
≤ -30dB
≤ -40dB
≤ -55dB
≤ -65dB
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Stubbed
Hardware
Fusion
Splice
Corning’s Advanced Fiber Cabling and Hardware for DAS
Fusion Splice
• Bulk cable for fusion splicing
• Fiber only, composite, plenum, riser,
armored, and non-armored
Stubbed Hardware
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Eliminates splicing at remote
Factory tested Connectors
Rack and wall mount options
Custom Lengths
Plug-nPlay
Plug-n-Play
• Eliminates all splicing reducing
installation time by 90%
• End to end factory tested
• Excellent Speed of Deployment
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Traditional Approach – Fusion Splicing
Head-End
Remote Location
024EC8-14101-20
24-Fiber Ribbon Cable Plenum
SMFe
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Pigtailed Hardware
•Pigtail cassette contains all
needed accessories
•One Housing for all
connector types
•Only buy what you need
•Reduces overall footprint in
remote locations (IDF)
•Reduces troubleshooting
and maintenance of the
system
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Stubbed Hardware –
Eliminates Fusion Splicing in Remote Locations
Head-End
Remote Location
Benefits of Stubbed Hardware
• Eliminates Remote splicing = Reduced Installation time + Reduced Cost
• Factory tested stubbed housings = Improved Performance and Reduced Troubleshooting
• Available in rack mount and wall mount configurations from 12f to 288f.
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Stubbed Hardware
• Connector Housing inside the hollow of the drum of this reel
• Cable tail wrapped around drum
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Plug & Play – Eliminates All Fusion Splicing
Head-End
Remote Location
Benefits of Plug & Play
• Eliminates All splicing = 90% Reduced Installation time + Reduced Cost
• Factory End to End tested = Best Performance and Reduced Troubleshooting
• Available in rack mount and wall mount configurations from 12f to 144f.
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Plug and Play – How it interconnects
2 Sided Plug & Play Trunk
Plug & Play
Module
Pulling Grip
Benefits of Plug & Play
Splice Cassette
1 Sided Plug & Play Trunk
• Eliminates All splicing = 90% Reduced Installation time +
Reduced Cost
• Deployed in Major Data Centers across the world
• Available in rack mount and wall mount configurations
from 12f to 144f.
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Selecting the Best Fit Hardware
Pigtailed
Stubbed
Plug & Play
Stacked IDFs
Easy Pathways
Large Venues
Complicated Pathways
Little to no information
On Air Date is Today
On Air Date was Yesterday
Minimal on Site time required
Mount Type
Leasing
Connector
Cable
Connectivity
Wall vs rack. If
rack, consider
number of rack
units.
Who is paying for
the rack space or
footprint?
Fiber count and
connector type
consideration.
Consider cable
type and
application
Pigtail, splicing vs.
prestubbed
hardware vs Plug &
Plug.
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Cable Installation
Four General Placement Considerations
• Ensure Sufficient Slack
– For moves, adds and changes, also for safety and aesthetics purposes
• Monitor Tension
– Exceeding the maximum pull tension could induce fiber strain and cause permanent
damage to the cable.
– Use a Breakaway Swivel, Tension Monitoring winch or Tensiometer.
• Maintain Minimum bend radius
– Bending the cable tighter than the minimum bend radius may result in attenuation or
even break the fiber and damage the cable.
• Protect exposed cable
– Use slack storage hardware where appropriate, cable clips, inner duct, J-hooks etc.
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Placement considerations - examples
Tension
Slack
Radius
Protection
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Duct Installation – the Duct System & Lubrication
– Existing Duct
• Measure Length (Mule tape etc.)
• Proof the duct (swabbing)
– New Duct
• Minimizing bends, more specifically 90 degree bends
• Installing enough duct for future, possibly inner duct as well.
• Pulling tape etc.
– Innerduct
• Allows for maximum use of large ducts
• Pull rope/tape
• Flexible/fabric innerduct (Max-cell)
– Lubricant Used
• Ensure the lubricant is compatible with the cable jacket, non petroleum based
• Consult cable manufacturer for recommended water or silicon based lubricants.
(poly water J)
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Duct Installation – Fill Ratio
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Must Haves &“Nice-to-haves”
Must Haves
LC Cleaning tool
P/N: CLEANER-PORT-LC
MTP Cleaning tool
P/N: 2104466-01
SC Cleaning tool
P/N: CLEANER-PORT-2.5
Nice-to-haves
Visual Fault Locator
P/N: VFL-350
Connector Removal Tool
P/N: CRT-001
Connector Cleaning Cassette
P/N: CLEANER-UNIV-CASS
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