Transcript 7th Grade Cells Review

th
7
Grade Cells Review
1. Which life process involves producing energy?
• Respiration
2. Explain the difference between locomotion and transport.
• Locomotion involves moving the body or body parts.
Transport involves moving materials inside the body/cell.
3. If you cannot make your own food you are known as a ____.
• heterotroph
4. Explain the difference between aerobic and anaerobic
respiration.
• Aerobic respiration requires oxygen while anaeroboc does
not require oxygen.
5. Plants carry out ______ nutrition.
• autotrophic
6. Which life process involves cell division?
• growth
7. Explain the difference between excretion and egestion.
• Egestion involves the removal of undigested food, while
excretion involves the removal of metabolic/cellular
waste.
8. Control and coordination of all life processes is known as
____.
• Regulation
9. What is homeostasis?
• Maintaining a stable, internal environment.
10. Which life process involves the joining of smaller molecules
to make one larger molecule?
• Synthesis
11. This
organelle is
shown in the
picture.
ER
12. Robert Hooke examined a cell from
this source under a microscope.
Cork
13. This scientist was the first to
view living cells under the microscope.
14. What are the 3 parts of the Cell Theory?
1. Cells are the basic unit of structure in all
living things.
2. Cells are the basic unit of function in all living
things.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
15. Explain one exception to the cell
theory.
Viruses are not made up of cells.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their
own DNA so they do not rely on the
nucleus to reproduce.
The first cell could not have come from
another cell.
16. Living things contain units of
structure and function that arise
from preexisting units. This
statement best describes the
1.cell theory.
2. lock-and-key model of enzymes.
3. concept of natural selection.
4. heterotroph hypothesis.
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17. Which statement is not a part
of the cell theory?
(1) Cells are the basic unit of
structure of living things.
(2) Cells are the basic unit of
function of living things.
(3) Cell parts such as chloroplasts
are self-replicating.
(4) Cells come from preexisting cells.
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18. Which statement explains why
viruses are exceptions to the cell
theory?
1. They contain genetic material.
2. They are not made up of cells.
3. They reproduce by mitosis.
4. They are surrounded by a
protein coat.
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19. Give the cell organelle that performs each
function.
a. Transport materials throughout the cell
endoplasmic reticulum
b. Protein production ribosomes
c. Digests food lysosomes
d. Regulates what enters and leaves the cell
cell membrane
e. Produces energy mitochondria
f. Controls all cell activities
nucleus
g. Holds cell organelles cytoplasm
h. Site of photosynthesis chloroplasts
i. Used in cell division centrioles
j. Gives plant cell shape and support cell wall
k. Stores materials
vacuoles
20. Identify all the organelles labeled and
give the function of each.
Nucleus: controls all cell
activities
Vacuole:
stores
materials
Ribosome:
produces proteins
Mitochondria: produces
energy
Cell membrane: controls
what enters and leaves
the cell
21.
a. What type of cell is represented?
Animal cell
b. What is structure B? What is the function of
this structure? Nucleus – controls all cell activities
c. What is the function of structure C? Stores
materials
d. Explain how structure A maintains homeostasis
within the cell? It controls what enters and exits
the cell.
22. Identify the structures labeled and the function of
each.
1- nucleus: controls all cell
activities
2 – nucleolus: produces ribosomes
3 – cell membrane: controls what
enters and exits the cell
4 – cytoplasm: holds cell organelles
5 – cell wall: keeps plant cells rigid
and supports plant cell
6 – vacuole: stores materials
7 - chloroplast: site of
photosynthesis
23. One difference between
plant and animal cells is that
animal cells do not have
(1)a nucleus
(2)chloroplasts
(3)a cell membrane
(4)centrioles
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24. Which structure permits the
entry and exit of materials in an
animal cell?
(1.) lysosome
(2.) chromosome
(3.) cell wall
(4.) cell membrane
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25. The structure most closely
associated with the destruction
of worn out cell organelles is the
(1.) lysosome
(2.) centrosome
(3.) vacuole
(4.) chromosome
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26. Which is found in the
nucleus?
(1.) ribosome
(2.) vacuole
(3.) lysosome
(4.) chromosome
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27. The rigidity (support) of
a plant cell is due
primarily to the presence
of the
(1) chloroplasts
(2) centrosomes
(3) cell membrane
(4) cell wall
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28. Whitney observes a cell under
the microscope. She identifies it
as a green plant cell and not a
cheek cell because of a
(1.) nucleus
(2.) cell membrane
(3.) chloroplast
(4.) mitochondrion
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29. While viewing a slide of rapidly
moving sperm cells, a student
concludes that these cells
require a large amount of energy
to maintain their activity. The
organelles that most directly
provide this energy are known
as
(1) vacuoles
(2) chloroplasts
(3) ribosomes (4) mitochondria
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30. Which structure is found ONLY
in animal cells?
(1.) cell wall
(2.) vacuoles
(3.) centrioles
(4.) chloroplasts
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31. The organelle most closely
associated with the manufacture
of proteins within the cell is the
(1.) ribosome
(2.) nucleolus
(3.) cell wall
(4.) cell membrane
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32.
a. What is this structure called?chloroplast
b. In what kind of cell is this structure
found? Plant cell
c. What process occurs in this structure?
Photosynthesis
33.
a. What is this structure called?mitochondria
b. What is the function of this organelle?
Produces energy (ATP)
c. In what kind of cells would you find this
organelle? Both animal and plant celld
34. Label the animal cell below.
Vacuole
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mitochondria
Cell membrane
35. Identify the organelle being described.
a. Gives plant cells firm regular shape.
• Cell wall
b. Site of protein manufacture.
• ribosomes
c. Keeps cell contents separate from external environment.
• Cell membrane
d. Strong substance that makes up cell walls.
• cellulose
e. Substance produced by ribosomes.
• proteins
f. Power-house of the cell.
• mitochondria
36.
Nuclear pores
ER
nucleolus
Nuclear
membrane
Golgi bodies
centrioles
Vacuole
cytoplasm
mitochondria
Cell
membrane
37.
1
38.
4
39.
3
40. Label the organelles:
mitochondria
mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Nuclear
membrane
centriole
lysosome
vacuole
mitochondria
Cell membrane
ER/ribosomes
ER
Golgi bodies
41.
Plant cells contain a cell wall and chloroplast
while animal cells do not.
42.
4
43.
nucleus
chloroplast
Cell wall
44.
Cell wall
chloroplast
DNA or chromosomes
45.
1
46.
3
47.
nucleus
Cell wall & chloroplasts
48.
Cell membrane, cytoplasm
Nucleus, vacuole
chloroplast
nucleus
49.
3
50.
4
51. Which sequence of terms is in
the correct order from simplest
to most complex?
(1) cells, tissues, organs, organ
systems
(2) tissues, organisms, cells,
organ systems
(3) cells, tissues, organ systems,
organs
(4) organs, organisms, organ
systems, cells
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52. Explain two differences between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus while
eukaryotic cells do.
Prokaryotic cells do not contain cell organelles while
eukaryotic cells do.
DNA in prokaryotic cells is found in the cytoplasm while
the DNA in eukaryotic cells is found in the nucleus.
Prokaryotic cells are smaller than eukaryotic cells do.
53. Give an example of a prokaryotic
Bacteria or blue green algae
cell.
54. Give an example of a eukaryotic
cell.
Paramecia, ameba, algae, animal and plant cells
55.
2
56.
1
57.
4
58.
2
59.
3
60.
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61. The breakdown of organic
compounds to produce ATP is
known as
(1)cellular respiration
(2)transpiration
(3)active transport
(4) photosynthesis
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62. An important molecule generated
by both lactic acid fermentation
and alcoholic fermentation is
(1) ATP
(2) CO2
(3) CO2
(4) H2O
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63. C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6 H2O + X
a. What is the name of the process represented above?
Aerobic respiration
b. Where does this process occur? mitochondria
c. What molecule does X represent? ATP
d. How many ATP are produced? 36 ATP
e. What materials are needed for this process to occur?
Glucose and oxygen
f. What are the products of this reaction?
ATP, carbon dioxide, water
64. Aerobic respiration and
fermentation are similar in that
both processes
(1.) require oxygen
(2.) utilize light energy
(3.) release energy
(4.) produce carbohydrates
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65. When muscles are exercised
extensively in the absence of
sufficient oxygen,
(1) lactic acid is produced
(2) a large amount of ATP is formed
(3) NADH molecules split
(4) oxidative respiration occurs
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66. Yeast produce alcohol and CO2 in
the process of
(1)lactic acid
fermentation
(2)alcoholic fermentation
(3)aerobic respiration
(4) glycolysis
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67. In the presence of oxygen,
_____ molecules of ATP can be
formed.
(1)2
(2) 19
(3) 36
(4) 63
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68. An end product of alcoholic
fermentation is
(1)glucose
(2) oxygen
(3) carbon dioxide
(4) lactic acid
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69. The life function of transport in
an organism directly involves those
activities used to:
1.absorb and distribute materials
2.obtain and break down materials
3.release energy from food
4.produce cellular waste products
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70.
a. What type of transport does this picture
represent? Active transport
b. Explain your answer.
Substances are moving from a LOW to HIGH
concentration.
71. The diagram above shows the same type of molecule in area
A and area B. With the passage of time, some molecules move
from area A to area B. Identify the name of this process.
Support your answer.
It is diffusion/passive transport because the molecules
are moving from an area of high concentration to an
area of low concentration (with the concentration
gradient).
72. The diagram above shows the same type of
molecule in area A and area B. Identify the name of
this process if some molecules move from area B to
area A. Support your answer.
It is active transport because the molecules are moving
from an area of low concentration to an area of high
concentration (against the concentration gradient).
73. The movement of materials
from higher to lower
concentration is called
(1.) diffusion
(2.) active transport
(3.) pinocytosis
(4.) phagocytosis
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74. The movement of materials
from lower to higher
concentration requiring energy is
called
(1.) movement
(2.) diffusion
(3.) active transport
(4.) cell division
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75. Diffusion is a term for the
movement of molecules from
(1) an area of low concentration
to a high concentration
(2) an adjacent area to a gradient
area
(3) an area of high concentration
to a low concentration
(4) a nucleus to the mitochondria
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76.
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