Transcript membrane transport class notes

Welcome to Unit 2:
Structure & Function
• Write down homework
1) Bring in materials for membrane model!
2) Homework & Quiz on Friday
- worksheet?
- questions?
- vocab story?
• Check out your bacterial plates! Who
had the most? Are you surprised?
How does bacteria infect your
cell?
What do you remember?
Use the cut-outs to label the function of
each membrane component
You’re Building your Model Today!
Get out your White Sheet
HMWK: option due: worksheet? Text outline + questions?
Quiz on cell membrane tomorrow
Model is DUE tomorrow!
10/20: let’s get organized
1) Get out your yellow packet
Write your name on it!
2) Write down you homework
HMWK: option due on Thursday or Friday
Quiz on transport on the block (R or F)
Cell Boundaries
Every cell is surrounded by a liquid
environment and has a liquid inside
Two types of boundaries separate:
– Cell membrane (inner)
• Thin, flexible layer that surrounds all cells
– Cell wall
(outer)
• Strong supporting layer outside the cell membrane
• Only in some organisms
(plants, algae, fungi, prokaryotes)
• Porous
FUNCTION of Cell Membrane
• Regulates what goes in and
what comes out of a cell
– Like a fence or a window screen
– Regulation depends on size, concentrations,
and the type of molecule trying to get through
• Protects cell
• Supports cell, but also flexible
Types of Transport
ACTIVE
requires Energy
Ion Pumps
Exocystosis
Endocytosis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HqKlL
m2MjkI
(4:02) osmosis rap
PASSIVE
Does not need
energy
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XKPdnE6BGew
• How to make an onion slide
Figure 7-12 The Structure of the
Cell
Membrane
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULR79TiUj80
Section 7-3
Outside
of cell
Carbohydrate
chains
Proteins
Cell
membrane
Inside
of cell
(cytoplasm)
Protein
channel
Lipid bilayer
Pre-Class Questions
Write in Notebook…I will call on you!
• Why is it necessary to regulate what goes
in and out of a cell?
• What are some examples of substances
that enter a cell? Leave a cell?
• What does the term concentration mean?
– Provide an example to explain concentration
FUNCTION of Cell Membrane
• Regulates what goes in and
what comes out of a cell
– Regulation depends on size,
– concentrations,
– type of molecule trying to get through
• Protects cell
• Supports cell, but also flexible
Cell Boundaries
Everything has a Cell membrane (inner)
Some stuff has a Cell wall (outer)
• Strong & rigid
• Only in some organisms
(plants, algae, fungi, prokaryotes)
Figure 7-12 The Structure of the
Cell Membrane
Section 7-3
Fluid Mosaic Model
• Lipid bilayer – double layer of molecules
– Lipids are a certain class of C-H molecules
– Do not like water ( think of oil + water) – the “tails”
– The “heads” are polar molecules
•
•
•
•
Has proteins throughout
Can have carbohydrate “ID tags”
Moveable/fluid
Selectively Permeable
Proteins
Cell
membrane
Inside of cell
(cytoplasm)
Protein
channel
Carbohydrate
chains
Lipid bilayer
Figure 7-12 The Structure of the
Cell Membrane
Section 7-3
Fluid Mosaic Model
• Lipid bilayer – double layer of molecules
– Lipids are a certain class of C-H molecules
– HYDROPHOBIC:
• Do not like water ( think of oil + water) – the “tails”
– HYDROPHILIC:
• The “heads” are polar molecules
• Selectively Permeable
Proteins
Cell
membrane
Inside of cell
(cytoplasm)
Protein
channel
Carbohydrate
chains
Lipid bilayer
What goes in and out? (Transport)
Cell membrane is selectively permeable,
 it lets some things in, but not other things
Selection depends on…
size (smaller get through easily)
concentrations,
& type of molecule trying to get through
(lipid and nonpolar)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IaZ8MtF3C6M
• Substances keep moving till there are ~ equal
amounts of them on both sides of the membrane
EQUILIBRIUM
Go to Page 10 in yellow packet
Draw this graphic organizer,
then use the word bank
p10 of your yellow packet will help!!!
Types of Transport
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Active Transport
Diffusion
Passive Transport
Exocytosis
Protein Pumps
Facilitated Diffusion
Endocytosis
Osmosis
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
Check your answers; get out the white study guide
Types of Transport
ACTIVE
requires Energy
Ion Pumps
Exocystosis
Endocytosis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yz7EHJFDEJs
Na-K pump
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DuDmvlbpjHQ
Endo exo cytosis
PASSIVE
Does not need
energy
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HqKlLm2MjkI
(4:02) osmosis rap
Passive Transport  [High] to
[Low]
• DIFFUSION
• FACILITATED
DIFFUSION
• OSMOSIS
Hypertonic – has a lot of solute
Hypotonic – has low solute
Isotonic – has equal solute
Osmotic Pressure
10/27: Find your lab from last week! Let’s review Transport
Make sure you have both sides filled in –
except for the final results obviously!
What
forces are
at play on
the egg?
Will the solutions ever be
isotonic?
Review Quiz
Permeability
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GW0lqf4Fqpg&feature=related (1:23)
Do these get through?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
H+ or Ca++
CO2
K+, ClH2O
Glycerol or ethanol (-OH)
O2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owEgqrq51zY
Amino acids
(1:26 – review plasma membrane structure)
Glucose
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6R2-AFcJrhs
Sodium potassium pump
What do you remember about
the cell?
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rABKB
5aS2Zg (3:09)
• With your table group – make a list of all of
the organelles you can remember
• List their functions too!
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJyUtbn0O5Y
Do Now: Cell Review
• Skim pages 3, 4, 5 in your yellow packet
• Read & Complete page 3 questions as you go!
What do you remember?
Find in your notebook, that chart you made last week of
prokaryote v eukaryote
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ruBAHiij4EA
Pg 6 chart
What do you remember?
Sort!
Sort the cards with your table group
• Put in 1 of 4 areas:
Pg 3
Prokaryotes
Only
Eukaryotes
Only
Could be
Both
not all
eukaryotes
kingdoms
Definitely
Both
Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
All cells have a membrane, cytoplasm, DNA & ribosomes
• Prokaryotic Cells
– DNA not bound by a
membrane… no “true
nucleus”
– Usually smaller, simple
– No membrane bound
parts (organelles)
– Ex: bacteria
• Eukaryotic Cells
– Membrane bound
nucleus
– Larger, complex,
internal organization
– Have internal
membrane bound
structures
– Ex: you, plants, algae
Which Organelle is where?
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
Cytoskeleton
Chloroplasts
Golgi apparatus
Vacuoles
DNA
Cytoplasm
Centrioles
Nucleolus
prokaryote Animal cells
Plant cells
Origin of Eukaryotic Cells
 Endosymbiotic Theory
 A prokaryote ate a prokaryote!
 Mutualistic relationship
 Mitochondria + Chloroplasts
 have outer & inner membranes
 Both have their own DNA & their own
ribosomes!
 More similar to bacteria than euk’s

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaAM8qQcs6E&feature=player_embedded (3:36)
Pg 4
answers
Figure 28.4 A model of the origin of eukaryotes
Mader: Biology 8th Ed.
This is how we’re reorganizing the protists – based on
“who ate whom”.
Endosymbiotic Theory Evidence:
-Number of membranes of organelles
-Presence of DNA in mitochondria
-Structure of ribosomes
This Week’s Project!
• Today – brainstorm
sheet
• Tomorrow – work day
to make your profile
• Thursday: Cell Party!!
• Friday: quiz
This Week’s Project!
• Work today to make
your profile
• Tomorrow: Can you
find your perfect
match?
• Friday: quiz
Speed Dating
Organelles 
• Today you will research a specific
organelle and use the brainstorm
planning sheet (two-sided) to
construct a profile of your
organelle
• Towards the end of the period, I
will give you the ‘good copy’ to be
used tomorrow.
• Tomorrow, we will have a ‘speed
dating’ session and your job will
be to meet everyone & decide
which organelle(s) you’re most
closely matched with
Organelle Speed Dating!
Organelle
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Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Ribosome
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Find a seat!
□
If you are seated in the inner circle,
you’ll stay there for most of the activity
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
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Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Golgi Body
Vacuole
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Cell Membrane
Nuclear Membrane
Centrioles
DNA
RNA
Cell Wall
Goal: Find the organelle(s) that
work most closely with your
organelle
If you’re seated on the outside,
each time I call “time”, you will rotate one
seat to your right.
For 1:30 you will converse with your new
Organelle friend 
Take turns sharing & explaining your job!
Prok Euk
Characteristics of Living Things Homeostasis
• Living things respond to environment
ex. Find shelter from rain
ex. Hibernating to survive the winter
ex. Produce toxins to ward off predators
• Living things maintain a stable internal environment
– Homeostasis: keeping internal condition stable
relative to the external environment
Sodium Potassium Pump