Transcript KINGDOM PLANTAE

KINGDOM PLANTAE
Plant Cells
• multi-cellular- plants contain many cells
Plant Nucleus
• Eukaryotic- Plant cells contain a nucleus
Plant food
• Autotrophic- Plants make their own food
Plant Reproduction
• Sexual – offspring of the plants are
diverse
• Asexual - offspring are uniform
There are over 300,000 different kinds of plants.
More than half reproduce by seeds. Seed plants
make their own seeds from which new plants grow.
Other ways plants can reproduce are from
spores, bulbs, tubers (rhizomes), corms, and buds.
Seeds are made by flowers in some plants and
by cones in other plants.
The STAMEN is the MALE reproductive ORGAN.
Pollen grains are found on the ANTHER.
The sticky tip of the pistil, the stigma,
is the receptor of pollen.
Male reproductive cells travel down the tube and join
with the ovule, fertilizing it. The fertilized ovule becomes
the seed, and the ovary becomes the fruit.
Plants
• Multi cellular
• Eukaryotic
• Autotrophic
• Sexual/asexual
Reproduction
Draw a
Plasma (Cell) Membrane:
Cell Membrane
OR Plasma Membrane
Facts about Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Vacuole
hloroplast
Cell
Membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Structure (what’s it like):
• Very plasmatic (I.e., it
changes it shape easily)
• Acts like a fence or net
Functions:
• It allows food and water to
enter cell
• Holds the cytoplasm inside
• Keeps bacteria out
Which structure holds the
“innards” in but keeps bacteria out?
Cell Membrane
Plasma Membrane
Draw a Cell Wall
Cell Wall
Facts about Cell Walls
STRUCTURE:
Plant Cell Organelles
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Cell
Membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
It is tough, stringy
Acts like a wall
or a suit of armor
FUNCTION:
“Protects” the cell against
“invaders” and gives it
support.
Celery is made
Facts about
Cell Wall
mostly of cellulose.
Cellulose is tough, remember? It
has to be (to protect each cell.
Millions of cells surrounded by
tough cell walls would result in
tough tissue, yes?
•When we eat cellulose (cell walls), we
call it fiber. It’s good for us!
Cell wall
Cell wall
James A. Sullivan
Draw cytoplasm:
Cytoplasm
Facts about Cytoplasm
Plant Cell Organelles
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Cell
Membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
WHAT IT’S LIKE
• It is like a clear jelly.
FUNCTIONS
• It moves other organelles
around
• It keeps other organelles
from smashing into each
other
Which structure separates
organelles?
Cytoplasm
Draw the Nucleus:
Nucleus
Nucleus
Nucleus
Facts about Nucleus
STRUCTURE:
Large, round shape in cell.
FUNCTION:
• This structure acts like
the “brain” or “boss” of
the cell.
• It “tells” the cell what to
do: reproduce, take in water
and food
Let’s concentrate on
the nucleus next…
Which structure is the “brain”
of the cell?
Nucleus
Draw a Vacuole:
Vacuole
Facts about a Vacuole
WHAT IT’S LIKE
• This structure acts like the
“pantry” of a cell.
FUNCTION
• It holds the food and water that
enter the cell through the cell
membrane
FACT
• In a plant cell, these structures
tend to be very large. Why?
Which structure holds food &
water like a pantry?
Vacuole
What is the cell’s “protector”?
Cell Wall
Draw Chloroplasts:
Chloroplast
(Empty)
Chloroplast
(Full)
Facts about Chloroplasts
WHAT THEY’RE LIKE
•
Cooks or chefs
FACT
•
Found ONLY in plant
cells
FUNCTION
• To make food (chlorophyll)
with the help of the sun (in
a process known as
photosynthesis)
Chloroplast
Chloroplast
Visible
from
Underlying
CELLS alive!
James A. Sullivan Cell Layer
Why are some chloroplasts colored
Think:
green and others left clear?
Chloroplast
The “clear” chloroplast is empty because it has not yet made
chlorophyll. The green chloroplast is full of green chlorophyll that
has been produced with the help of the sun!
• Perhaps it is winter time, and
the Earth directly enough to
provide enough energy for
photosynthesis to occur.
•Perhaps the plant is unhealthy
and cannot produce chlorophyll.
•Perhaps the plant is in a spot that is too shady.
Which organelle produces
food for the cell?
Chloroplast
Cells Alive Interactive