Transcript MP212 Audio Tech 2 Equipment

Studio Interconnections
Video
Sync
Master
W/C
VHS
VTR
Digital
Console
DAW
DA-88
W/SY-88
Micro
Lynx
2”
CD
Multitrack
Recorder
IF-88AE
AES
Converter
Analog Audio
Digital Audio
Timecode
Word Clock
TDIF
Audio
Video Ref. “Sync”
DAT
Clock Signals
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Clock signals are SPEED reference signals that
are used in applications where the rate or speed
at which data is transferred or output must
remain constant.
Clock signals can be used for both analog and
digital applications.
In digital audio applications the clock signal is
know as Word Clock.
In video applications the clock signal is know as
House Sync, or Video Sync, or Black Burst
Clock Signals should not be confused with
Timecode.
Digital Word Clock
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A square wave, clock reference signal for digital audio
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Word Clock is a “speed” reference
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Sample rate is derived from word clock signal
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Allows serial transmission between digital audio devices
Typically uses a 75Ω coaxial video cable with BNC termination. "BNC” (British Navy
Connector) is a bayonet-type connector, seen on professional video equipment. The male
connector, usually mounted on the equipment, appears as a cylinder with a hollow pin in the
center. The outer cylinder has two little nubs sticking out on opposite sides. The female
connector, normally mounted on the cable, has an outer ring with slots on opposite sides
which turns so that it can bayonet onto the nubs of the male connector, and has a smaller
center pin which joins to the male's hollow center pin.
Word Clock
•A timing reference for digital audio serial transmissions
•A square wave signal at the sample rate
•Defines the sample rate of the incoming signal
•Used to derive the sample rate of incoming digital audio
•Word Clock is a “speed” reference
•Typically on 75 Ω coaxial video cable with BNC termination
M27
Digital
Connections
Digital Audio Transmission Formats
Digital audio is transmitted from one device to another using a variety of
formats. These formats have been developed to satisfy specific needs or
applications. Each format typically specifies what type of cable and what type of
termination is to be used. The most common of these formats are…
Format
Channels
Termination
Word Clock
• AES3
2 Channel
XLR
Embedded
• AES3id
2 Channel
BNC/RCA
Embedded
• S/PDIF
2 Channel
RCA
Embedded
• Toslink
2 Channel
Optical (JIS F05)
Embedded
• ADAT
8 Channel
Optical (JIS F05)
Embedded
• TDIF
16 Channel
(8 In/8 Out)
DB25
Separate
Digital I/O
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AES/EBU
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2 channels of audio on one cable
Word clock embedded (“self clocking”)
Balanced cable (110 Ω), typically XLR connectors
44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits
S/PDIF
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Semi-pro and consumer standard
2 channels of audio
Word clock embedded (“self clocking”)
Unbalanced cable (75 Ω), typically RCA connectors
44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits
Can also be optical cable with TOSLink connectors
ADAT Optical
ADAT Specifics
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ADAT (Alesis Digital Audio Tape)
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aka “Lightpipe”, “Optical”
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8 channels of audio (a multichannel interconnection)
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optical cable with Toslink (JIS F05) connectors
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Word clock embedded
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44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits
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96kHz by combining 2 ports (participating manufacturers)
TDIF Specifics
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TDIF (Tascam Digital Interface)
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16 channels of audio (a multichannel interconnection)
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8 channels Input / 8 channels output
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Multiwire cable with 25-pin D-sub connectors
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Word clock is an external connection, on 75 Ω coaxial cable
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44.1kHz/48kHz, up to 24 bits
TDIF w/Separate Word Clock
Word
Clock
TDIF
IF88AE
AES
Converter
DA-88 Word Clock
TDIF
Word
clock
TDIF
The DA-88 In Detail
DA-88 Tape Path
DA-88 Head Assembly
TDIF
Tascam Digital Interface
IF-88AE AES Converter
Yamaha DM Series
DM1000
O1V96
O2R96
DM2000
Yamaha DM Series Back Panels
O1V96
O2R96
DM2000
DM1000
Yamaha DM2000 in Detail
DM2000 Back Panel
2Trk Digital Ins
2Trk Analog Ins
Digital Mix Bus Outs
Control Room Outs
Analog Mix Bus Out
Analog “Omni” Outs
Mic Inputs
Line Inputs
Analog Inserts
“Slot” I/O
Meters, GPI, 9Pin & MIDI
Word Clock I/O
Timecode Ins
Computer I/O
Cascade
DM2000 “Slot” I/O
DM2000 Layers
DM2000 Selecting Layers
Yamaha DM2000 Layers in M27
Layer 1:
Channels 1-8 = ProTools Analog Outs 1-8
Channels 9-12 = Microphone Inputs 1-4
Channels 13-16 = Empty
Channels 17-24 = DA-88 Analog Outs 1-8
Layer 2:
Channels 25-48 = ProTools Digital Outs 1-24
Layer 3:
Channels 49-72 = Empty
Layer 4:
Channels 73-96 = Effects & Tape Returns
DM2000 LCD Display
DM2000 Digital I/O
Video “House Sync”
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A video waveform signal without video elements, often referred to as “House” or “Sync” or “Black
Burst” or “Video Sync”
House Sync is a “speed” reference signal used as a control track on ALL video tape formats.
“House Sync” is used to synchronize video tape machines and processors to a common speed
reference. In video facilities, “House Sync” is sent to all tape machines and video processors.
“House Sync” is embedded into the video signal (from a video camera) during recording. This
composite signal creates a control track that defines the speed of the original recording. These
camera tapes are called “Source Tapes”.
In post-production video applications, “Master Tapes” are blank tapes that have been formatted by
striping them with “House Sync” and a black video signal. This process is called “Blacking”. Video
editing is the process of transferring selected “Source Tape” material onto video “Master Tapes”. As
with the “Source Tapes”, “House Sync” allows “Master Tapes” to synchronize to the common speed
reference from the “House Sync” generator.
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House sync DOES NOT CONTAIN TIME CODE! This is a common misconception.
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Uses a "BNC" (British Navy Connector) connector.
House Sync & Word Clock
Both are speed reference signals. They do not
contain timing information such as Time Code or
Sample Rate, rather they provide the basic speed
reference to generate a timing signal.
Sample Rate is derived from Word Clock.
Frame Rate is derived from House Sync.