Transcript Chapter 4 Active Lecture Questions

Active Lecture
Questions
Chapter 4
Functional
Anatomy of
Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic Cells
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing
characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
They usually have a single, circular chromosome.
They lack membrane-enclosed organelles.
They have cell walls containing peptidoglycan.
Their DNA is not associated with histones.
They lack a plasma membrane.
Which statement best describes what
happens when a gram-positive bacterium is
placed in a solution of distilled water and
penicillin?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
No change will result; the solution is isotonic.
Water will move into the cell.
Water will move out of the cell.
The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
Sucrose will move into the cell from an area of higher
concentration to one of lower concentration.
Which statement best describes what
happens when a gram-negative bacterium is
placed in a solution of distilled water and
penicillin?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
No change will result; the solution is isotonic.
Water will move into the cell.
Water will move out of the cell.
The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
None of the above.
Which statement best describes what
happens when a gram-positive bacterium is
placed in an aqueous solution of lysozyme
and 10% sucrose?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
No change will result; the solution is isotonic.
Water will move into the cell.
Water will move out of the cell.
The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
Sucrose will move into the cell from an area of higher
concentration to one of lower concentration.
Which of the following statements best
describes what happens to a cell exposed to
polymyxins that destroy phospholipids?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
In an isotonic solution, nothing will happen.
In a hypotonic solution, the cell will lyse.
Water will move into the cell.
Intracellular contents will leak from the cell.
Any of the above might happen.
Which of the following statements about
fimbriae is FALSE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
They are composed of protein.
They may be used for attachment.
They are found on gram-negative cells.
They are composed of pilin.
They may be used for motility.
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
glycocalyx—adherence
pili—reproduction
cell wall—toxin
cell wall—protection
plasma membrane—transport
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
metachromatic granules—stored phosphates
polysaccharide granules—stored starch
lipid inclusions—poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid
sulfur granules—energy reserve
ribosomes—protein storage
You have isolated a motile, gram-positive cell
with no visible nucleus. You can assume this
cell has
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
ribosomes.
mitochondria.
an endoplasmic reticulum.
a Golgi complex.
all of the above
The antibiotic amphotericin B disrupts plasma
membranes by combining with sterols; it will
affect all of the following cells EXCEPT
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
animal cells.
bacterial cells.
fungal cells.
Mycoplasma cells.
plant cells.
Bacteria reproduce by
a.
b.
c.
d.
binary fission.
spore formation.
mitosis.
budding.
Which of the following cell structures play a
part in initiating disease?
a.
b.
c.
d.
fimbriae
cell membrane
gram-positive cell wall
lipid A
Which of the following organelles resembles a
prokaryotic cell?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Golgi complex
nucleus
mitochondrion
endoplasmic reticulum
What substance makes up the framework of
the prokaryotic cell wall?
a.
b.
c.
d.
cellulose
glucan
chitin
peptidoglycan
The cell walls of gram-positive bacteria
contain
a.
b.
c.
d.
mannan.
teichoic acid.
cellulose.
chitin.
Cell walls are found in
a.
b.
c.
d.
L-forms.
fungi.
protoplasts.
mycoplasmas.
Which structure protects pathogenic bacteria
from phagocytosis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
capsule
endospore
flagellum
axial filament
Spirochetes move by means of
a.
b.
c.
d.
axial filaments.
flagella.
pili.
fimbriae.
Which of the following statements regarding
capsules is FALSE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
They promote virulence.
They promote antigenicity.
They can be called a slime layer.
They can be stained using a negative stain.
Metachromatic granules are collectively
known as
a.
b.
c.
d.
carboxysomes.
volutin.
magnetosomes.
polysaccharide granules.
Which of the following structures allow a
cell to survive adverse environmental
conditions?
a.
b.
c.
d.
capsule
carboxysome
endospore
gas vacuole
In the lab you have just isolated a motile,
gram-positive cell with no visible nucleus.
You can assume that the cell
a.
b.
c.
d.
has a cell wall.
has a nucleus.
has a mitochondrion.
has 9 pairs + 2 flagella.
A cell can transport a substance from a lower
to a higher concentration by the physiological
process of
a.
b.
c.
d.
active transport.
facilitated diffusion.
osmosis.
simple diffusion.
Which of the following substances in the
eukaryotic plasma membrane serve as
attachment sites for bacteria?
a.
b.
c.
d.
phospholipids
proteins
carbohydrates
sterols
Which organelle contains one or more
enzymes that can oxidize various organic
substances?
a.
b.
c.
d.
lysosomes
peroxisomes
Golgi complex
centrioles