Transcript cell membrane

-nucleus
-cytoplasm
-nucleolus
-cytoskeleton
-cell membrane
-vacuole
-mitochondria
-chloroplast
-golgi Apparatus
-centrioles
-lysosomes
-ribosomes
-endoplasmic reticulum(ER)
*Rough ER & Smooth ER
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Nucleus
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Nucleus
The “brain” of the cell
Controls all of the
cellular activities
DNA is inside the nucleus
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NUCLEOLUS
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NUCLEOLUS
The dark area in
the nucleus
Like a tiny
nucleus inside the
nucleus.
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CELL MEMBRANE
 holds the cell together
 keeps all of the pieces (like the organelles
and the cytoplasm) inside the cell
 controls what goes in and out of the cell
Example: like a big plastic bag with tiny
holes in it
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Mitochondria
 Mito = Mighty / Power
 The Power-House of the cell
 They break down food molecules so the
cell has the energy to live
 If a cell needs a lot of energy…it will have
more mitochondria
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MATRIX: a fluid
that has water
and proteins all
mixed together
(like a solution)
•The proteins
take the food
molecules in and
combine them
with Oxygen to
release the
energy
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
 also known as the “ER”
 made up of membranes
There are two different
Smooth ER
Main function is to collect, maintain & transport things
 Shaped slightly tubular
 Creates steroids
 Stores Ions for the cell to keep nutrients balanced
Rough ER
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GOLGI APPARATUS
•Also called the Golgi Complex
•It is made up of a stack of flattened out sacs
…like a loose stack of pancakes
WHAT DOES IT DO?
1) it takes simple molecules and combines them to
make larger molecules.
2) takes those larger molecules and puts them
into packs called GOLGI VESICLES
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LYSOSOMES (primarily animal)
•The enzymes in the lysosome bond to food &
digest it (acidic interior)
• Then…smaller molecules are released which are
absorbed by the mitochondria
• When an organelle no longer works, the
lysosome will attach itself to it and break it
down like food (kind of like a cannibal)
• Lysosomes can also destroy the cell if it breaks
open accidentally
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cytoplasm
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CYTOPLASM
Protoplasm- everything inside the cell membrane
Cytoplasm- everything inside the cell membrane &
outside of the nucleus except the cell’s nucleus
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CYTOSKELETON
• Chief functions include:
– movement of material through the cell
for stuff not diffusion or osmosis
– maintaining the shape of the cell
– keeping the cell from getting
smashed
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VACUOLE
• Vacuoles are “bubbles” that float in the
cell
• Vacuoles are more important to the
survival of plant cells than they are to
animal cells
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VACUOLE: STORAGE IN PLANT CELLS
• Vacuoles in plants support structure
• Vacuoles hold onto things that the cell might
need…like a backpack
• There are some vacuoles that hold onto waste
products, similar to having a big septic tank
• Storing waste products protects the cell from
contamination
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You will know that a plant's vacuoles are
shrinking when you see the plant begin to
droop over
HOLDING UP THE WALLS
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Chloroplast
•the site of photosynthesis in eukaryotic
cells
•disk-like structures
•composed of a single membrane
•surrounding a fluid containing stacks of
membranous disks
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Centrioles
•found in most eukaryotic cells, though it is
absent in higher plants and most fungi.
•play a role in cell division.
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