Transcript Birds and Mammals - Fort Thomas Independent Schools

Birds and Mammals
Birds
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Endothermic
Vertebrate
Feathers
Four chambered heart
Lays eggs.
Feathers
 Only birds have feathers
 Most likely evolved from the scales of
reptiles
 Made of the same materials as fingernails
 Types of feathers
– Contour : give shape, help balance and steer
during flight
– Down: trap heat, usually next to skin
Types of Feathers
Contour
Down
Food and Body Temperature
 Birds have no teeth
 Uses a specialized bill to capture and
handle food
 Crop: storage of food
 Gizzard: grinding of food (contains small
rocks)
 Endothermic, require a lot of food
Getting Oxygen
 Need lots of oxygen to help maintain energy
level
 System of air sacs that connects to lungs
– Allow more oxygen from each breath to be
utilized
 Circulatory system
 Four chambered heart, two loop system.
Flight
 Air moves faster over the
upper surface of the wing
because of its shape.
 The difference in pressure
causes an upward force.
 This force is called “lift”
 It causes the bird’s wing to
rise.
 Types of flight: flapping,
soaring, gliding
Why are birds important?
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Food source
Feathers used for jackets/comforters
Disperse seeds
Disperse pollen
Eat rodents/insects
Mammals
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Endothermic
Vertebrates
Four chambered hearts
Skin with fur or hair
Young are fed milk produced by mother’s
body.
 Most are born alive
Fur and Hair
 Provide warmth
– In colder environments, mammals usually have
thicker fur
 Allows sensing of environment
– Example: cat’s whiskers
 Defense
– Example: rhinoceros’ horn, porcupine’s quills
Teeth
 Mammals have four types of teeth
– Incisors
– Canines
– Premolars/bicuspids
– Molars
Diversity of Mammals
 Based on how young develop
– Monotremes: lay eggs
 Spiny anteater, platypus
– Marsupials: Young develop in marsupium
(pouch)
 Kangaroo, opossum
– Placentals: develop inside mother with a
placenta
 Bat (only flying mammal) , rodent, zebra, dolphin,
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