Transcript Rocks break when exposed to the air, water and living things.

Friday, April 27
1. Attendance
2. Collect anything
3. New Notes
4. Worksheet
Rocks break when exposed to
the air, water and living things.
Softer rocks break first.
Limestone headstones weather relatively
quickly.
Frost Action-water - freezes in cracks and
expands.
Potholes get bigger because of frost
action.
Roots can break rock apart.
Water makes rocks bump against each
other and break.
Chemical Weathering – oxidation (rust)
Soil
Bedrock
Oops
– bedrock – rocks under where we live
Hummus
Humus- part of soil made by dead and
decaying organisms
Burrowing animals circulate air and
nutrients in the soil.
 Star-nosed mole.
Soil Profile
Residual Soil – hasn’t been moved
 Matches the bedrock below.
Transported Soils – have been moved.
 NYS. Glaciers have transported most of the soils.
Erosion – the transport of sediment
Sediment
Gravity – the driving force of downward
movement of sediments
Landslide – when gravity pulls sediment
down without the aid of water or wind.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eR77Mh
KwAew
Mudslide
http://Mudslide in Southern Italy
Running Water moves the most
sediment.
How fast do sediments travel?
Running water breaks down mountains
and brings the sediment elsewhere.
Straight streams flow faster.
More discharge = faster flow
Watershed - the area draining into a
stream
Tributary – small stream that flows into a
larger one.
Meander – curve in the river
Erosion and Deposition
Streams have V-shaped valleys.
Wind – horizontal movement of air.
Sandstorm in the Persian Gulf.
Wind can only carry small sediment.
Evidence of wind erosion.
 Notice that the rock has been “sandblasted” along the
ground. Wind carries sediment close to the ground.
Deserts have wind erosion.
Shorelines are windy.
 The wind carries small pieces of broken rock (sand).
Sandblasting of rock
Sand Dunes are made by the wind
dropping sand pieces.
Glacier – a moving mass of ice and snow.
Glaciers carry dirt and soil.
Striations – scratches in rock from the
glaciers.
Glacial Till – mixed up, scratched rocks
dumped as the glacier melted.
U-shaped valleys are from glaciers.
This hill was made by a glacier.
Waves
Waves come in parallel to the shore.