Transcript Atomic Structure Notes

Vocabulary warm up
(Happy Friday!)
1. Look over the unit 1 Chemistry Vocabulary.
2. Mark the terms you understand and can
define Homework:
1.Select 5 vocab terms you know
Draw a picture representing the term No words!!)
Be prepared to play vocab Pictionary next class.
(don’t tell others your words!!)
2.Find 2 real world examples of a phase change in
your daily routine. Identify the energy change & process
for each one. One of them CANNOT involve water.
Warm up
Take the red dot sticker at your desk…..
There are three confidence posters at the back of the
room…place your red sticker on the poster that best
reflects your answer to this question:
How are matter, elements and atoms related?
1 – I have absolutely no idea
2 – I know what it is and could answer, but I
might not be able to explain this to someone else
3 – I understand and could teach this to someone
else!!
TLW explain how the arrangement of matter is
reflected in the three states of matter by: ,
summarizing notes and classroom
demonstrations, comparing and contrasting
subatomic particles, explaining a cartoon using
scientific vocabulary and self assessment
8.P.1 Understand the properties of matter
and changes that occur when matter
interacts in an open and closed
container.
8.P.1.1 Classify matter as elements,
compounds, or mixtures based on how
the atoms are packed together in
arrangements.
Notebook Set up:
Inside the cover: your name, my name, block
Unit page/collage
Table of Contents next pages, front & back
Date
Session
#
8/28,31
1
Activity
Page
#
Matter
1
States of Matter Notes
2
Atomic Structure Text Talk
3
Atomic Structure Notes
4
Page 2
What’s The Matter
Matter – anything that has mass & volume
IN OTHER WORDS…
EVERYTHING IS MATTER!
There are 3 States of Matter common on Earth:
Solid, Liquid & Gas
Gas mass demonstration
Solid..
Particles vibrate in place
Solids have a definite volume and definite
shape
Regardless of the container, a solid will
keep it’s shape and its volume will not
change.
Example: density cubes..
Liquid…
In a liquid, particles slide past each other
Liquids take the shape of their container
and have a definite volume.
Example: water in containers
For example: a sample of liquid water can
have a columnar shape, flat shape, etc..
The volume stays the same.
Gas…..
In a gas, particles move freely with high speed
energy.
Gases have no definite volume and no definite
shape.
Example: balloon
Hallway activity
Gases will occupy the maximum amount of space
available.
Moving from one phase to another...
To move between solid, liquid or gas
phases a particles must gain or lose energy.
This is a physical change, no chemical
bonds are broken.
Label energy
Label process
Moving from one phase to another...
To move between solid, liquid or gas phases a
particles must gain or lose energy. This is a
physical change, no chemical bonds are broken.
Increasing
energy
Increasing
energy
Decreasing
Decreasing
energy
energy
Identify phase/state,
process and energy for each arrow.
Top 1/3 of page 1
1
2
3
Tape this diagram to the top of p. 1
1. Identify each phase as: solid, liquid or gas
2. Copy the arrows that are on the board
3. Label the arrow as increasing energy or decreasing energy
4. Place the following processes on the correct arrow:
melting, cooling, evaporation condensation, heating, freezing, boiling
Talk to the Text
Annotate this text – write on it
These are three representations
of atomic structure.
•What questions do you have?
•What connections can you
make?
•What do you notice?
•What does this text tell you
about atoms??
P4
All matter is Atoms
made up of atoms
So what’s an atom?
An atom is the smallest particle of matter
Elements
Atoms make up elements
So what’s an element?
Elements are substances that are made up
of only one type of atom
(There are about 100 different elements & each
element is made of a different atom)
Atoms are made
of even
smaller parts called
Atomic
Structure
subatomic particles. They are found in the
nucleus and electron cloud of an atom.
So where are the subatomic particles??
Nucleus – the center of an atom
Contains all the mass of an atom
Does not take up much space in the atom
?
Atomic Structure
Electron Cloud: all of the electrons
circling together around the nucleus
Occupies most of the space in an atom.
Protons & Neutrons
(Protons & Neutron are about the same size and mass)
Protons
Neutrons
Protons have a
positive (+) charge
Neutrons have no
(0) charge
BOTH are found
inside of the
nucleus
Electrons:
–Electrons have a negative (-) charge
–Electrons are MUCH smaller than
protons or neutrons
–Electrons orbit the nucleus on paths
called energy levels (or shells)
Bringing it all together…
For example, OXYGEN is an element on the
periodic table.
It is made of only one type of atom
Actual Oxygen Atom
Oxygen on the Periodic Table
In the middle section of p. 1…
• Compare and contrast protons, neutrons and
electrons.
Bottom Third of page 1
Explain the following cartoon. Your answer should be in
complete sentences and use correct vocabulary.
Vocabulary today:
Matter
States of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Atom
Element
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Volume
Mass
Take the green dot sticker at your desk…..
There are three confidence posters at the back of the
room…place your green sticker on the poster that best
reflects your answer to this question now:
How are matter, elements and atoms related?
1 – I have absolutely no idea
2 – I know what it is and could answer, but I might not be
able to explain this to someone else
3 – I understand and could teach this to someone else!!
When you are finished, answer the question on page
4 of your notebook. Write it under the atomic structure
notes.