Transcript Target: (#14) 1. Convert 14 km to meters 2. Convert 455 ml to liters 3

Warm-Up:
1. Convert 14 km to meters
2. Convert 455 ml to liters
Practice:
1. 1285 ml to L
2. 19.78 km to m
3. 89234 m to km
4. .00564 km to m
5. 190 cm to m
6. 2423.232 mm to m
7. 1800 g to kg
8. 5343 hg to g
9. 4.545 L to ml
10. 2 days to seconds
Notes:
Matter
Matter is anything that has
mass and takes up space.
An atom is the smallest particle
into which an element can be
divided and still be the same
substance.
If you lined up 70 million
atoms, they would stretch
across your pencil eraser.
A piece of paper is 1 million
atoms thick.
An atom’s nucleus is its
center.
The nucleus contains
protons and neutrons
The atom is mostly empty space.
Think of a baseball inside of Turner
Field.
The number of protons
determines the element’s
identity
Warm-Up:
1. What is the “building
block of matter?”
2. The number of ______ in
the ______gives each
element its identity.
Number of protons
= Atomic Number
Electrons are negatively
charged particles in the
electron cloud
Electrons “orbit” in electron
shells
Energy Level # of electrons
1
2
2
8
3
18
4
32
The number of the period
(row) an element is in, is the
same as the number of
shells it has
The first shell needs to be full
before the second shell gets any
electrons.
The last, or outer, shell is called the
VALENCE SHELL.
The electrons in the valence shell
are called valence electrons
The number of valence
electrons determines
reactivity
Warm-Up:
1. How many valence electrons
does carbon have?
2. How many valence electrons
does sodium have?
3. How many valence electrons
does chlorine have?
Isotopes have different
numbers of neutrons in the
nucleus
Atomic Mass: Average Mass
of all isotopes in nature of
that element
Mass Number: Number of
protons and neutrons in the
atom
A covalent bond happens
when atoms share electrons
Warm-Up:
1. How many electrons can
fill the first shell of an atom?
How many can fill shells 2 &
3?
2. What is the valence shell?
3. Draw a oxygen atom
Molecules are made of
multiple atoms chemically
joined together.
Covalent bonds usually
happen between nonmetals
An ionic bond happens
when atoms gain or lose
electrons
An ionic bond happens
when atoms gain or lose
electrons
When atoms join to form
molecules, they create a
new substance with unique
properties
The new substance is a
compound
Sugar: C12H22O11
Ammonia: NH4
Warm-Up:
1. When atoms chemically bond
together, they create a ______.
2. Atomic Number = # of ______ in
the nucleus of an atom.
3. Draw a nitrogen atom (with
shells)
Warm-Up:
1. __________ is made of particles
that have volume and mass.
2. Draw an oxygen atom.
3. How many valence electrons
does oxygen have?