Transcript Chem Review Part 1

Warm UP! 9/13/2010
1.
In a chemical reaction what is the role of a
catalyst?
2.
Why do we need to understand the charges of
atoms in biology?
3.
How can you tell if an atom is balanced? Or if it
has a positive charge or a negative charge?
What am I? A protein?
Carbohydrate? Lipid? Mineral?
etc
Chemical Basis for
Life Chapter
6
Why do we need
Chemistry in Biology?
An understanding of biology requires a little
knowledge of chemistry, and an
understanding of chemistry requires a
little knowledge of mathematics. It is
important to know aspects of chemistry to
make biology come alive.
Modern biology overlaps with
chemistry in explaining the
structure and function of all
cellular processes at the molecular
level.
These chemical concepts will allow
you to construct greater meaning
of the more complex biological
principles.
So…. What do you need to know?
is anything that takes up space and has mass.
is made of atoms, which are the
smallest particles of an element
that still have all the properties of
an element.
Oxygen,
Carbon,
Hydrogen, and
Nitrogen make
up more than
95% of the
human body.
Living organisms
require about 20
elements (There are
92 elements in
nature and 19
made)
The other elements include:
calcium, phosphorus,
potassium, sulfur, chlorine,
sodium, magnesium and many
other trace elements (meaning
they have a very small
amount: iron, zinc, copper,
etc)
 Smallest
 Made
amount of an element
up of 3 subatomic particles
◦ Neutrons (o) = neutral/no charge
◦ Protons (+) = positive charge
◦ Electrons (-) = negative charge
 Protons
and
Neutrons are found
in the nucleus of the
atom.
Electrons
are in
motion in the space
around the nucleus.
# E- = # P+
Why is this important and what
does it have to do with biology?
The positive charge from the Proton and the
Negative charge from the electron balance
out the charge of the atom.
These charges are what eventually aid in
forming combinations of atoms- or chemical
compounds …for example: water is made from
Hydrogen and Oxygen.
Euglenas tell the amoebas what you
think would happen to the charge of
the atom if it were to loose an
electron.
Proton
(+) = the guy
Electron (-) = the girl
Neutron (o) = the wing man
The
electron is attracted to it’s opposite
charge (the proton +) so it remains in orbit
around the nucleus, but it plays “hard to get”
by maintaining a velocity that is fast enough
that it’s never pulled into the nucleus. The
neutron is there to support the nucleus but it
never gets involved.
STOP
POINT! 
Atomic
structure hand out
What would the electron distribution for Calcium with an
atomic number of 20 be? How does this reflect to the
Matterville analogy?
Nucleus
What would the electron distribution for Neon with an
atomic number of 10 be?
Nucleus