Transcript U2_Review_Matter_Atmc_Westside

Matter and its States and
Properties Classification
Atomic
Structure
Vocabulary
Matters
Do you dare?
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FJ
Matter is
defined as:
Anything that has
mass and takes up
space (volume).
Matter that
experiences the
property of
reactivity…
What is has
undergone a
chemical change?
What property
of matter is
dependent upon
its identity?
What are
intensive
properties?
Cutting one’s hair is
an example of…
What is a
physical
change?
A form of matter that
has no definite shape, no
definite volume, and the
potential to fuse nuclei
if it bumps into another
atom.
What is
plasma?
This state of
matter has
vibrating
particles.
What is a
solid?
This theory of movement
describes the particle
behavior of all atoms in all
states.
What is the
Kinetic
Molecular
Theory?
Describe the way one
can differentiate
between a
heterogeneous and
homogenous mixture.
In a hetero- mixture the
different particles can be
seen in, whereas in the
homo- mixture the
particles cannot be seen.
What pure substance
consists of two or
more elements bonded
together? Give an
example too.
Compounds—answers will
vary
How can one change
states of matter? Define
and Give an Example.
Add/ Remove
energy (heat) to the
matter.
Ex: Varies
The number on the
periodic table that
identifies the number
of protons in an atom?
Atomic
Number
Describe
Lithium’s
structure.
Atomic Number: 3
Atomic Mass: 7
Protons—3
Neutrons—4
Electrons—3
Explain the
difference
between ions
and isotopes
Ions have gained or lost
electrons whereas
isotopes have gained or
lost neutrons
What particle(s)
account for the mass
of any element and
where can that be
found on the Periodic
Table?
Mass = protons +
neutrons and is found in
the Atomic Mass
Compare and
contrast the atomic
structure of C-16
and C-11
C-11 has 6 p+, 5n*, and 6
e- while C-16 has 6 p+,
10n*, and 6 e-
Define extensive:
A property
dependent upon
the amount of
matter present
Can you
physically change
an Intensive
property? Why?
No, because intensive
properties have to do with
the identity of an object.
(Those change only
through chemical
reactions.)
What is a chemical
property?
It is a property
that describes the
chemical behavior
of an object.
List one extensive
property and one
intensive property:
Ex: Mass, Volume,
Length
In: Density, BP,
MP, Color
How does the Quantum
Mechanical Model of
the atom differ from the
Bohr Model?
The Quantum Mechanical
Model is one that contains an
electron cloud and a nucleus
while the Bohr model has a
nucleus and electrons orbiting
in fixed paths.
Define
spectroscopy’s
relationship to
electrons:
Atoms that have been
excited (by added energy)
fall back to their ground
state and do so by emitting
spectral lines (light).
Suppose someone goes to a salon to get his or her
hair trimmed, bleached, and braided.
Identify which of these processes involves a
chemical change and a physical change. Explain
your answers.
Chemical: Bleached (alters chemical
structure of hair permanently)
Physical: Trim, Braid (does not alter
initial structure of hair)
What was the difference
between JJ Thomson’s
experiment and Ernest
Rutherford’s?
JJ Thomson’s experiment involved
sending a beam of particles through a
cathode tube and because that ray bent
he concluded the existence of the
electron, while Rutherford sent a beam
of particles through a piece of gold foil
that was occasionally deflected and so he
concluded the existence of the nucleus
and its positive charge.
When a balloon is placed in the
freezer it shrinks (the gas
molecules compress) and then
when it is taken out of the freezer
it regains its original size. What
type of change was just describe?
Why?
The description of the balloon is
a physical change, because the
gas within the balloon remains
unchanged. The particles lost
energy (heat) when placed in the
freezer and so they compressed,
and when taken out of the freezer
they expanded because they
regained their lost energy.
Which substance cannot be
broken down by chemical
means? Why?
(a.) ammonia (NH3)
(b.) aluminum (Al)
(c.) methane (CH4)
(d.) water (H2O)
Aluminum because
it is composed of
only one element so
it cannot be any
smaller.
Final Jeopardy Question:
An object has a mass of 25 g and a volume of
5 mL. What is its density?
That same object is cut in half so that it has a
mass of 12.5 g and a volume of 2.5 mL. What
happened to its density?
• D = 25g/5mL = 5g/mL
• D = 12.5g/2.5mL = 5g/mL
The density remains the same because it is an
intensive property so it does not change so
long as the object remains the same!