Transcript The Atom - My CCSD

The
Atom
What defines
the property
of a substance
WHAT MAKES UP MATTER?
 The
one thing that makes up all things in
the universe is:
ATOMS
WHAT ARE ATOMS?
Atom:
smallest part of an
element that can be identified
as the element. (can be found
on periodic table)
For instance water (H2O), it can
be broken down to 2 hydrogen
atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
DEMOCRITUS
DEMOCRITUS
Democritus:
the first person
to suggest the idea of
atoms.
He was a Greek philosopher
who lived more than 2400
years ago.
He used the word “atom”
which means cannot be
divided.
JOHN DALTON
DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY
In
the early 1800’s, stated
an atomic theory of
matter.
Dalton’s theory was the
beginning of the modern
theory of atoms.
DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY
•All elements are composed of atoms.
Atoms cannot be divided or destroyed.
•Atoms of the same element are
exactly alike.
•Atoms of different elements are
different.
•The atoms of 2 or more elements can
join together to form compounds.
TODAY
 We
know that atoms define the
chemical properties of different
substances
 Atoms can be divided into smaller
particles
 These particles help to define the
characteristics of the atom
PARTS OF THE ATOM
Electron:
negatively charged
particle.
Neutron: neutral particle.
Proton: positively charged
particle.
Nucleus: center, or core, of an
atom.
PARTICLES OF THE ATOM
Proton:
Mass:
1.673 x 10-24 g
Atomic mass: 1
Charge: +1
Location: Nucleus
PARTICLES OF THE ATOM
Neutron:
Mass:
1.675 x 10-24 g
Atomic mass: 1
Charge: 0
Location: Nucleus
PARTICLES OF THE ATOM
 Electron:
 Mass:
9.11 x 10-28 g
 Atomic mass: 0
 Charge: -1
 Location: Space around the
nucleus
 The electron is so small compared
to the other particles, it is given an
atomic mass of 0
PARTS OF THE ATOM
HOW DO ELECTRONS ORBIT
THE NUCLEUS
In
your notebook, draw how
you think the electrons go
around the nucleus
In addition, HOW many
elections go in each section?
BOHR MODEL
 The
model most of you suggested is
called the Bohr model of the atom
 Using the periodic table, you can figure
out how many electrons “orbit” in each
“shell” of the atom
 We will be discussing the “electron
configuration” later in the quarter