Transcript Atom Basics - We Heart Science

Matter &
The Atom
Matter
The term matter describes all of the
physical substances around us: your
table, your body, a pencil, water, and
so forth
Matter
Anything that has
mass and takes up
space (has volume)
Made up of different
kinds of atoms
Matter
Includes all things
that can be seen,
tasted, smelled, or
touched
Does not include
heat, sound, or light
Matter is made of atoms
Models
Models are often used for
things that are too small or too
large to be observed or that
are too difficult to be
understood easily
Models
In the case of atoms, scientists use
large models to explain something that
is very small
Models of the atom were used to
explain data or facts that were gathered
experimentally.
So, these models are also theories
Modern Model of the Atom
The electron cloud
Sometimes called
the wave model
Spherical cloud of
varying density
Varying density
shows where an
electron is more or
less likely to be
Atomic Structure
Nucleus
– Protons
– Neutrons
Electrons
Atomic Structure
Protons
-Much larger and heavier than
electrons
– positive charge (+)
– Located in the nucleus of the atom
Atomic Structure
Electrons
Tiny, very light particles
Have a negative electrical charge (-)
Move around the outside of the nucleus
Atomic Structure
Neutrons
Large and heavy like protons
Neutrons have no electrical charge
Located in the nucleus of the atom
Draw the following picture on
your output p.22.
Atomic Structure
Let’s look at the periodic table and
determine what each square tells us!
Let’s Practice!- Output p.23
Please copy the table into CB
Element
Oxygen
Calcium
Aluminum
Tungsten
Nickel
#Protons
#Neutrons #Electrons
Let’s Practice!- Output p.23
Please copy the table into CB
Element
#Protons
#Neutrons #Electrons
Oxygen
8
16 – 8 = 8
8
Calcium
20
20
20
Aluminum
13
27-13=14
13
Tungsten
74
184-74=110
74
Nickel
28
59-28=31
28
Describing Atoms
# of protons
+ # of neutrons
Atomic mass number
Describing Atoms
Atomic Weight - average mass of the
naturally occurring isotopes of an
element .