Transcript Notes About the Per Table (2nd Part)

Notes
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Science
Tennessee
SPI Objective:
Instructions
Use
the click
periodic
tablefrom
to determine
1) First
on "View"
the top-menuthe
bar.properties
Then
click on "Slide Show" from the drop-down menu.
of2)an
element.
3) Then use the
right-arrow
button on your keyboard to
Check
for Understanding
advance through this presentation.
Identify the atomic number, atomic mass, number of
protons, neutrons, and electrons in atoms using the
periodic table.
Essential Question
How do I use the periodic table to determine the
atomic number, the atomic mass, the number of
sub-atomic particles, & other properties in an atom?
Periodic Table in 3 Sections
(1) Metals, (2) Metalloids, & (3) Nonmetals
Metals: (on the left & middle)
Metalloids: (on the zig-zag line)
Nonmetals: (on the right)
Nonmetals
(on the right)
Metals
(on the left and middle)
More Metals
These are actually located above
in the 6th & 7th periods (rows) in group (column) three)
Periodic Table in 3 Sections
(1) Metals, (2) Metalloids, & (3) Nonmetals
Metals: (on the left of the periodic table)
metal elements tend to be shiny, malleable, ductile, and are good
conductors of electricity and thermal energy (heat)
Periodic Table in 3 Sections
(1) Metals, (2) Metalloids, & (3) Nonmetals
Nonmetals: (on the right side of the periodic table)
Nonmetal elements are generally not shiny, not malleable, not
ductile, and are not good conductors of electricity or thermal
energy (heat)
Periodic Table in 3 Sections
(1) Metals, (2) Metalloids, & (3) Nonmetals
Metalloids: (on the zig-zag line)
Have some properties of metals and some properties of
nonmetals, are called semi-conductors
Notes
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Science
Periods:
The rows are called periods, and there are seven of them
Per 1
Per 2
Per 3
Per 4
Per 5
Per 6
Per 7
From period 6
From period 7
The period number tells you the number of electron shells
All elements in the same period have the same number of
electron shells
Lithium Atom
This atom has two electron shells.
So it is located in the second period.
The period numbers reveal the number of electron shells
Example: Every element in period 2 has 2 electron shells
Example: Every element in period 3 has 3 electron shells
Per 1
Per 2
Period 2 (Each element here has 2 electron shells)
Per 3
Period 3 (Each element here has 3 electron shells)
Per 4
Per 5
Per 6
Per 7
.
Break
Time!
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Break
Time!
Stand and Stretch!
 You have been sitting for a mighty long time.
 Let's take a 1 minute break to stand and stretch.
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Notes
Science
Groups: The columns are called groups (also called families)
There are 18 groups
1
18
13
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
SPI 0807.9.9
Science
Periodic Table
The group number (in some cases) can reveal how many electrons
are in the outer most shells. These are called the valence electrons
Example: Lithium (see below-left) has one valence electron, so it is
in group (column) one.
Notes
Example: Beryllium (see below-right) has two valence electrons, so
it is in group (column) two.
Lithium Atom
Beryllium Atom
2 Valence Electrons
x4
x5
2 Valence Electrons
Notes
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Science
Again, the group number can reveal the number of valence electrons
Note: However this only works for groups 1 to 2 and 13 to 18
(see below)
1
18
13
2
14
15
This "trick" does not
work with groups 3 to 12
(called transition metals)
Memory Trick:
Remember V =V
V for vertical = V for valence electrons
16
17
Notes
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Science
Again, the group number can reveal the number of valence electrons
Reminder: This "trick" only works for groups 1 to 2 and 13 to 18
(see below)
1
2
Example: Every element in group one has only
one valence electron.
Example: Every element in group two has exactly
two valence electrons.
Notes
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Science
Again, the group number can reveal the number of valence electrons
Reminder: This "trick" only works for groups 1 to 2 and 13 to 18
(see below)
For Groups 13 to 18:
Simply subtract ten from each number
Example: For group 13 subtract ten,
and you get three. So every element in
group 13 has three valence electrons
Example: For group 14 subtract ten,
and you get four. So every element in
group 14 has four valence electrons
18
13
14
15
16
17
Reactivity in Elements
For groups 1 to 2:
Reactivity increases from right to left
For groups 13 to 17: (Leave out group 18…they are non-reactive!)
Reactivity increases from left to right
Groups 1 to 2
Groups 13 to 17
1
Again, ignore groups
3 to 12 for now
(called transition metals)
14
15
16
17
Non-reactive
13
2
Questions
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Science
Periodic Table-Question
Here is an example of a question you might see on a quiz or test.
Questions
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Science
Periodic Table-Question
Here is an example of a question you might see on a quiz or test.
Questions
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Periodic Table-Question
Science
Questions
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Science
Periodic Table-Question
Here is an example of a question you might see on a quiz or test.
Questions
SPI 0807.9.9
Periodic Table
Science
Periodic Table-Question
Here is an example of a question you might see on a quiz or test.