Transcript Periodic Table How did Dmitri Mendeleev arrange the periodic table?

Periodic Table
How did Dmitri Mendeleev arrange
the periodic table?
• He was a Russian chemist
who arranged the periodic
table by the increasing in
atomic mass.
Henry Moseley
• British scientist
• Determined the number of
protons (atomic number) in
an atom
• He arranged elements in
the Periodic Table
according to the increase
in atomic number.
Metals
• Found to the left of the zigzag line in the
Periodic Table
• Solid at room temperature, good
conductors, malleable, ductile and shiny
Metalloids
• Also called semiconductors.
• Found at the border of the zigzag line on
the Periodic Table
• They have some properties of metals and
nonmetals (hard, very brittle)
Color the metalloids purple (#6)
Nonmetals
• Found to the right of the zigzag line in the
Periodic Table
• Poor conductors, not malleable, not ductile
and not shiny
Color the nonmetals that are not noble gases blue (#7)
Circle and label the halogens in green (#13)
Period
• Each horizontal row of elements from left
to right on the Periodic Table
• As you go from left to right, atomic number
increases by 1
– number of protons increases by 1
– number of electrons also increases by 1 in the
same valence shell
Group
• Each column of elements from top to
bottom on the Periodic Table.
• Also known as Family
• Elements in a ‘family’ behave in a similar
way
– Example: Group 1 (all except Hydrogen)
elements are called alkali metals. How are
they similar?
• They react explosively with water!
How many periods and groups
are there in the periodic table?
There are 7 periods and 18
groups in the periodic table
Periodic Law
• The chemical and physical properties of
elements are periodic functions of their
atomic number.
Periodic Table worksheet
• Color the square for hydrogen yellow (#1)
• Using black pencil or marker, mark the
zigzag line (#5)
• Color the Noble Gases orange (#3)
Noble gases are stable and do not take part
in chemical reactions.
• Clor the groups with very reactive metals
red (#2)
• Color the transition metals green (#4)
• Color the metals in groups 13 to 16 brown
(#8)
• Circle and label alkali metals blue (#11)
• Circle and label alkaline earth metals in
purple (#12
Complete the table in your notes
Symbol
Element
Period #
Group #
Metal,
Solid,
nonmetal liquid or
or
gas?
metalloid?
N
Nitrogen
2
15
Nonmetal
Gas
Ca
Calcium
4
2
Metal
Solid
Na
Sodium
3
1
Metal
Solid
Hg
Mercury
6
12
Metal
Liquid
W
Tungsten
6
6
Metal
Solid
Kr
Krypton
4
18
Nonmetal
Gas
I
Iodine
5
17
Nonmetal
Solid
Zn
Zinc
4
12
Metal
Solid
Sg
Seaborgium 7
6
Metal
Solid
Tl
Thallium
6
13
Metal
Solid
As
Arsenic
4
15
Metalloid
Solid
Y
Yttrium
5
3
Metal
Solid
Video
– HOW ELEMENTS ARE CREATED?
– Island of Stability: A nuclear chemist aims to
create entirely new elements to add to the
periodic table. Aired October 3, 2006 on PBS
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/hysics/stability-elements.html
Quick Review
• Outermost energy level of an atom is
called valence shell.
• Electrons in valence shell are called
valence electrons.
• Group number indicates the number of
valence electrons.
• Period number determines the number of
energy levels (or rings).