Transcript Dimitri Mendeleev- The father of the modern periodic table. Russian

Dimitri Mendeleev- The father of
the modern periodic table.
Russian chemist who in the late
1800’s arranged elements by
increasing atomic mass. He
discovered a pattern of repeating
properties found in lighter
elements repeated in heavier
elements.
Periodic Table- a table of elements
arranged according to repeated
changes in properties.
Periodic Lawa recurring pattern in the properties
of the elements when they are
arranged in order of increasing
atomic number, the total number of
protons in the nucleus.
The periods (horizontal rows) of the
periodic table illustrate these
relationships.
Families/Groups- In the periodic
table, each of the 18 vertical
columns of elements, each is made
up of elements with similar
properties.
Atomic #- the number of protons in
an atom
• Chuck Norris destroyed the
periodic table, because he
only recognizes the element of
surprise.
Periods
• A horizontal row on the
periodic table
Atomic mass/Weight
• The average mass of
one atom of an element
Mass Number
• Sum of the protons and
neutrons in an atom’s nucleus
Valence Electrons
• Electrons in the outermost energy level of
an atom; in large part, they determine an
elements chemical properties.
Isotopes
• Atoms of the same element
that have different numbers of
neutrons; for example boron10 and boron-11.
Ion
• A positively or negatively charged atom.
• Shown as a subscript (written above)
adjacent to the elements symbol.
Metal
• Elements that usually have these
properties: shiny, good conductors of heat
and electricity, are solids at room
temperature. On the periodic table they
are found to the left of the stair-step line.
Non-metal
• Elements that are gases or brittle solids at
room temperature, most do not conduct
heat or electricity well. On the periodic
table they are found to the right of the
stair-step line.
Metalloid
• Have the properties of both metals and
non-metals. In the periodic table they are
found along the line that seperates metals
and non-metals.
Transition Metals
• Elements in groups 3-12 on the periodic
table, these are typically metals with one
or two electrons in their other level.
Alkali Metals
• An alkali metal is any of the elements
found in Group I of the periodic table.
Alkali metals are very reactive chemical
species which readily lose their one
valence electron to form ionic compounds
with nonmetals.
Alkaline-Earth Metals
• Any of the six chemical elements in the
second leftmost group of the periodic table
(beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium,
barium, and radium). Their atoms have
two electrons in the outermost shell, so
they react readily, form numerous
compounds, and are never found free in
nature.
Noble Gases
• Any of the elements in the far right group
(group 8) of the periodic table, including
helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and
radon, which are monatomic and with
limited exceptions chemically inert and do
not bond with elements because their
valence shell is full.
Lanthanides
• any element of the lanthanide series
(atomic numbers 57 through 71)rare-earth
elements. They are grouped apart from the
rest of the elements in the Periodic Table
because they all behave in a similar way in
chemical reactions.
Actinides
• Any of the series of 15 consecutive
chemical elements in the periodic
tablefrom actinium to lawrencium (atomic
numbers 89–103). All are radioactive
heavy metals; and only the first four
(actinium, thorium, protactinium, and
uranium) occur in nature. The other 11 (the
transuranium elements) are unstable and
are produced only artificially.