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Matter and Minerals
Chapter 2
What is a mineral?
What are Native
Elements?
How are atoms are arranged in a mineral?
How is the external shape of the crystal related to atomic
arrangement?
What are the common
crystal shapes?
What is the law of CONSTANCY of
interfacial angles?
Does the size of a mineral matter?
What is a Simple Compound?
What are some examples?
What is elemental
substitution?
Why Should You Study Minerals?
Matter - What Is It &
What Is It Composed of?
Where is an atom’s
Nucleus located?
What does a nucleus
consist of?
Where are electrons
located & why are they
important?
What is an Atomic number?
What is Atomic mass?
What are Isotopes ?
How does Chemical Bonding occur?
What are the 4 types of chemical bonds that hold
molecules together?
What are Ionic bonds & where do they form?
Why can’t atoms of the same element bond ionically?
What are Covalent bonds
& how do they form?
What are Metallic bonds & how do they
form?
How are DIAMONDS
bonded?
What are van der Waals
bonds & how do they
form?
GRAPHITE
How Many Minerals Are Known?
What are Silicates composed of?
How common are silicates?
What Complex ion
constitutes a
silicate & how is it
arranged?
What are the 7 (main) Physical Properties of Minerals?
What is the difference between cleavage &
fracture?
Moh’s Hardness Scale
HARDNESS
10
9
8
7
MINERAL
Diamond
Corundum
Topaz
Quartz
COMMON OBJECT
Steel file (6.5)
6
Orthoclase
Glass (5.5-6)
5
4
3
Apatite
Fluorite
Calcite
2
1
Gypsum
Talc
Copper penny (3)
Fingernail (2.5)
What are other physical properties a mineral can have?
What are the 4 processes that form minerals?