Transcript chapter 12 powerpoint

Social Studies 20-2
CHAPTER 12
INTERNATIONALISM AND NATIONALISM
Key Terms:
 Absolute poverty
 Odious debt
 Civil society
Chapter 12 Issue
 Reminder of the Related Issue Question: “Should
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Internationalism be pursued?”
Chapter 12 issue: Internationalism- How effectively
does it address contemporary global issues?
Volunteer to read page 265?
Respond to the bulleted questions
Do the Cartoon Analysis
What are contemporary global issues?
 Read opening paragraph page 266
 Climate Change
 Spread of Disease
 Access to Water
Climate Change
 Read “Climate change” page 266
 Ocean currents and prevailing winds carry
pollution from one country into the air and water
of other countries
 Kyoto Protocol – was proposed in 1997
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International attempt to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Canada and other developed countries signed the protocol
to reduce emissions by 20% by 2020
Since then Canada still has not met its Kyoto targets
Canada stated the Kyoto protocol would cost the Canadian
economy $51 billion in revenues
Spread of Disease
 Read pages 267-268
 Has been a global issue for a long time
 World Health Organization is the United Nations
agency that tries to stop the spread of deadly diseases
 WHO focuses on global health issues: identifying,
monitoring, and controlling international health
threats
 2002-2003 SARS epidemic was a test for the WHO
 WHO constantly prepares for the next health threat
that might become an epidemic – or even a
pandemic
Bird Flu
 Also known as Avian Influenza – is common
among many species of birds
 Most strains do not infect humans
 In 1997 one strain caused the death of 6 people in
Hong Kong
 To stop the spread of the disease, Chinese
officials ordered the slaughter 1.4 million
chickens
 By the end of 2006 – 75 people had died from the
Bird Flu – mainly because governments worked
quickly to develop Bird Flu Plans
Not to scare you....
 According to the Calgary Herald, November
25th/2009:
 51 total h1 n1 deaths in Alberta this year
 Alberta’s death rate from the h1 n1 flu: 11.39 per
million people-nearly X2 the national average
Access to Water
 Read pages 268-269
 Canada has up to 20% of the worlds fresh water
but just 0.5% of the world’s population
 In many countries do not have access to clean
water – about 17% ( 1.1 Billion People ) do not
access to clean drinking water
 Every year 1.8 million children die because of
diseases spread in water
 Every 8 seconds a child dies after drinking dirty
water
Water as a Human Right
 UN – this right to water is just as important as the
‘right to life, liberty and security of person’, which
is set out in the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights
Oldman River Dam, Alberta
 Control over Water
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Canada controls the water within its borders
Decide how to use the water
Make rules about dumping sewage into water, can sell the
water, or create power with it
World Wide Water Crisis
 Countries which have a lot of fresh water are likely
to face increased international pressure to share
their water with countries that do not have enough
 Barlow believes:
 World is running out of water
 Every day more people are living without access to clean
water
 Powerful international corporations are taking control of
Earth’s fresh water and selling it to make a profit
Internationalism to address contemporary Global
Issues
 Read opening paragraph page 270
 Grab a copy of “Internationalism and contemporary
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Global Issues”
Poverty
Hunger
Human Rights
Conflict
Disease
Debt
Climate Change
Internationalism and Poverty
 In 2006 – World Bank estimated that more than a
billion people live in absolute poverty – severe lack
of human needs, lack of education, shelter, or
information
 In 2007, Oxfam, an international non-governmental
organization, and a network of about 80 aid agencies
reported that 43% of Iraqis were living in absolute
poverty
Cause and Effect of Poverty
 Read the causes and effects of poverty on page 272
 Poverty often causes other serious problems
 When people do not have enough money to buy
food they go hungry. When they do not have
enough money to buy clean drinking water, they
may contract diseases from dirty water. If they
lack food and water and their lives and their
families lives are at risk they may even go to war to
get what they need to survive
Cause and Effect of Poverty
 Lack of Education
 People who do not receive a basic education have trouble finding jobs
and may become locked into a cycle of poverty
 Conflict and War
 Causes millions of people to flee and often they can not earn money
to survive
 Trade Rules
 International trade rules restrict some people from selling their
goods and services. Mostly favours developed countries
 Discrimination
 Members of minority groups often have limited access to jobs
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Lack Of Resources – can’t grow crops to make money or food
Internationalism and Hunger
 Read page 273
 Most of the time 850 million people in the world are
hungry-18 000 children die a day
 Food shortages have led to the United Nations to
hold a World Food Summit, of which 185 countries
attend
 Trying to reduce the number of hungry by half by
2015
Internationalism and Disease
 Read page 274
 People who do not have healthy food cannot fight
disease effectively
 People can not afford medication or have access to
medication in some areas
HIV and AIDS in Africa
 AIDS diagnosis use to be a death sentence – no
longer – new drugs now help people survive longer
 Spread of AIDS has slowed drastically
 Only about 0.3% of Canadians have AIDS
 In Africa
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In 2007 – 1.1 million people died from AIDS and 22.5
million people were living with the disease
Common practice is education and awareness campaigns
combined with treatment programs
Internationalism and Debt
 Read page 275
 Many of the poorest countries in the world must
spend so much money to pay off their debts to the
International Monetary Fund and the World Bank
than they do not have enough left over to provide
health, education, and social services for their own
citizens
Odious Debt
 Is debt that results from a loan to a government
that uses the money to oppress people of its
country or for its own personal use
 Probe International, monitors Canada’s delivery of
foreign aid, says that the debt is odious if:
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It was incurred without the consent of the country’s people
It did not benefit the country’s people
The lender of the money was aware of these two conditions
Internationalism and Climate Change
 Read page 276
 May be the most pressing global issue of the 21st
century
 Human activity is causing Earth’s climate to
change more quickly in the past
 Burning of fossil fuels
 Cutting down rain forest
 Polar Ice Cap melting
 United Nations Environment Programme provided
global leadership in dealing with environmental
issues
Making a Difference
 Read page 277
Internationalism and Human Rights
 Read page 278
 World War II showed the international community that countries must
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work together to protect human rights.
Members of the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights in 1948, soon after the United Nations was founded.
Why would creating the Universal Declaration of Human Rights be an
important step in fighting human rights abuses?
When a country violates the rights of its own citizens or the citizens of
another country the UN can take action to stop the abuse.
Before the UN can act, all five permanent members of the UN security
council must agree – China, France, Russia, Britain and the United
States
If one of these permanent members rejects a proposal, the UN cannot
act.
Internationalism and Conflict
 Read page 279
 Conflicts are often complex and difficult to solve – as
a result, the world community often struggles to find
solutions that work.
Internationalism in Addressing Contemporary
Global Issues
 In 2000, the UN established eight international
targets – its millennium development goals:
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Cutting world poverty in half
Providing all children with at least a primary school education
Fighting disease such as HIV/AIDS
( As of 2008 – it looks like none of these goals will be met by
2015 )
Does the fact that the world is not likely to achieve the
millennium development goals by 2015 suggest that
international efforts to solve the worlds problems have failed?
International Trade
 Read page 280
 Some believe trade among countries will solve many
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of the world problems
Believe when countries are better off economically
they are less likely to go to war
WTO regulates and monitors world trade with the
emphasis on peace by helping countries improve
There is much disagreement about the WTO as well.
Most of this centers around the criticism that the
WTO favours developing countries
Farm subsidies are controversial
Internationalism and Nation-States
 Page 281- People disagree over the effects of
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internationalism
Internationalism is improving people’s lives and is relieving
suffering, protecting the innocent, and making people
around the world more secure
World Bank or the IMF lends money to a government to
change it policies and these changes often include cutting
spending on social programs, such as education and health
care.
In failed states, the rulers may care little about the welfare
of the country’s citizens
How can international institutions or organizations help
people in a nation-state where the rulers are corrupt?
Decline versus Change
 Read page 282
 Some people believe that the development of
international organization such as the United
Nations and the World Trade Organizations has
reduced the power of individual nation-states
 In a global economy governments of countries
cannot make their own decisions without
considering international trading rules, the wishes
of multi-national corporations and the economies
of other countries
Civil Society
 Refers to a non-government and non-business
organizations of various kinds.
 These organizations may be large or small and
involve community groups, faith-based groups,
labour unions, and universities
 Civil society helps connect citizens, nation-states,
and international organizations.
 These links give individuals the chance to influence
policy and events at local, regional, national, and
international levels
A view from here
 Read page 283
Related Issue #3 Exam
 Covers chapters 9-12
 25 Multiple choice questions
Question #1
Some options
nations consider
when shaping their
responses to the rest
of the world
Page 210-213
Which option(s) for responding to the rest of
the world do you think best meet Canada’s
needs?
Write a response in paragraph form in which
you must
identify the option(s) for response that
you think best meet Canada’s needs
explain why the option(s) best meet
Canada’s needs
c) support your response by referring to
your understanding of social studies