Transcript Geography Revision - Christ the King College

Geography Revision
Living with Natural Hazards
What are the causes and effects of wildfires and how
do people prepare for and respond to them?
You need to be able to answer the
following questions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Describe the primary and secondary effects of wildfires (make
sure you know how both people and the environment are
impacted).
What are the natural causes of wildfires?
What are the human causes of wildfires?
Using an example, explain whether wildfires are a natural thing or
not.
Describe a range of strategies which can be used to reduce the
effects of wildfires (include evacuation, education and the role of
emergency services)?
Why do some people think that wildfires could happen more
often and in more places in the future? (include the effects of
increasing numbers of people living in and using semi-arid (dry)
areas, increased frequency of drought due to climate change)
Why should areas which are prone to wildfires be protected?
1. Describe the primary and secondary effects of wildfires
Page 80 - 81
Use the notes on page 80-81 to complete this table
Primary Effects
Social
Economic
Environmental
Physical
Secondary Effects
2. What are the natural causes of wildfires?
3. What are the human causes of wildfires?
Page 82-83
Sort these into natural and human causes of wildfires:
Lightning
Arson
Spontaneous heating
Accidents (not putting campfires out properly)
Broken bottles magnify the sun’s rays
Slash and burn farming
Natural
Put these words in a sentence to explain how wildfires can spread very quickly:
Hot, dry weather
Steep slopes
Fallen branches and dry leaves
Sparks
Volcanic eruptions
Human
Santa Ana Winds
fuel
4. Using an example, explain whether wildfires are a natural thing or not.
Page 80 - 82, page 85
California 2007
Greece 2007
Cause of wildfire
Why did it spread?
Primary effects?
Secondary Effects?
How did authorities try to
reduce damage?
You need to be able to explain if wildfires are a natural thing or not, fill in the table above for one natural and one human caused wildfire
California: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7055721.stm
Greece: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8215772.stm
5. Describe a range of strategies which can be used to reduce the effects of wildfires (include evacuation, education
and the role of emergency services)?
Page 84 - 85
Write around the picture of Smokey Bear how the following things can help reduce the effects of wildfires:
•
Education (Smokey Bear – this is part of your California case study)
•
Defensible spaces
•
Emergency Services (air drops, fire lines etc)
•
Volunteer groups
•
GIS
What is this? How
does it reduce the
effects of wildfires?
Highlight 5 important things for homeowners to do to make a defensible space (note this is for California)
6. Why do some people think that wildfires could happen more often and in more places in the future?
(include the effects of increasing numbers of people living in and using semi-arid (dry) areas, increased
frequency of drought due to climate change)
Page 86 - 87
Natural cycle (look at
pattern of
increase/decrease)
Global warming (look at
the straight lines that
show a steady increase)
Describe the graph, natural cycle or global warming?
http://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/translating-uncle-sam/stories/are-wildfires-getting-worse
7. Why should areas which are prone to wildfires be protected?
Page 87
Look at the NASA image showing wildfires – which places need to be protected and why?
Label them on your map (think about where many people live, where major economies are based)
Key words
Define the following keywords
Keyword
Definition
Physical effects
Social effects
Economic effects
Drought
Santa Ana winds
Spontaneous heating
Arson
Tinder
Pulaski
Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
Wildfire intensity
Wildfire Season
NASA
Wildland-urban interface
Defensible space
Arid
http://www.slideshare.net/MrElms/wildfires-revision-guide