Transcript Achala-Introduction-Paris-Agreement-Dakar

Introduction to Paris Agreement
Dr. Achala Abeysinghe
Principal Researcher/ Team Leader
Global Climate Law, Policy and Governance
[email protected]
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
european capacity building initiative
initiative européenne de renforcement des capacités
ecbi
for sustained capacity building in support of international climate change negotiations
pour un renforcement durable des capacités en appui aux négociations internationales
sur les changements climatiques
• Overall analysis
• Provisions of the Paris Agreement
• What’s next?
2
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
Focus of the presentation
Overall analysis
‘A major win for multilateralism and
climate diplomacy’
•
‘Truly global agreement’
•
‘Unprecedented global collaboration on an
issue where divisions were deep and stakes
were high’
•
‘Proved that political leadership,
combining economic incentives and peer
pressure, guided intelligently by the United
Nations , can produce the effective global
agreements’
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
•
3
• Legal Rigour
• Participation
• Effectiveness
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
Paris Agreement: The house build on 3
key pillars
• The form of the Paris Agreement: Internationally
legally binding agreement with provisions for entry
into force (follows the treaty structure as of Vienna
Convention of Law of Treaties). Ratification
provisions.
• Legally binding obligations: Key obligations in the
operative paragraphs of the Agreement (though
somewhat weaker than expected)
• Provisions for compliance: A mechanism of
compliance is established
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
Legal rigor
•
•
•
•
150 world leaders at the Paris COP
187 countries have submitted INDCs
177 countries at the signing ceremony in New York
All parties to prepare, communicate and maintain
INDCs
• All parties to participate in transparency framework,
global stocktake and compliance mechanism
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
High level participation by countries
Key provisions
Action
areas
Mitigation
(Art 3-6)
Adaptation
(Art 7)
Information based approaches
1.
Transparency mechanism (Art 13)
2.
Global Stocktake (Art 14)
3.
Education ( Art 12)
?
?
?
Facilitation based approaches
1. Finance (Art 9)
2. Technology development and transfer (Art 10)
3. Capacity building (art 11)
4. International cooperation (Art 4-6)
?
?
?
?
Compliance & dispute settlement
1. Compliance mechanism (Art 15)
2. Dispute settlements (Art 24)
Implementation
Techniques
Loss & damage
(Art 8)
?
?
Ref. Prof. Jorge E. Vinuales
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
Global
goal
Art. 2
Key provisions
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
• Global goals: Hold the increase in the global average temperature to
well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to
limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels,
• Mitigation: every country to submit a national climate action plan
(Nationally Determined Contribution) every 5 years. Parties shall
pursue domestic mitigation measures, with the aim of achieving the
objectives of such contributions
• Adaptation: Global adaptation goal of enhancing adaptive capacity,
strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change
is established
• Loss and damage: further steps to be taken to address loss and
damage due to climate impacts
• Finance: Developed countries shall provide financial support to
developing countries. (100 billion USD as the floor of financial
support).
• Capacity building: support for developing countries on their
capacity building efforts.
• Technology: Technology Framework established to provide
overarching guidance to the work of the Technology
Mechanism in promoting and facilitating enhanced action on
technology development and transfer
• Transparency: A transparency framework established
• Global stocktake: A global stocktake to happen every 5 years
starting from 2023
• Compliance: a compliance mechanism is established for
facilitating implementation and promoting compliance
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
Key provisions
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
Governance of the Paris
Agreement
• The Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris
Agreement is referred to as the CMA will be the main governing body.
• SBI and SBSTA will continue to serve the Paris Agreement. If necessary, the
CMA may establish additional subsidiary bodies that are needed for the
implementation of the agreement.
• An Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement (APA) will prepare the
entry into force of the agreement and develop further rules and guidance.
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
Its not all perfect
• No commitment to fulfil targets under NDCs
• 1.5 degree target may be seen as an aspirational
goal
• New target setting for climate finance
postponed till 2025.
• Methodologies, guidance and procedures for
number of mechanisms to be agreed
• Domestic ratification process
• Ad hoc working group on Paris Agreement’s
work to develop the ‘rulebook’ of the Paris
Agreement
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
What’s next?
Further rules to be developed
Nationally Determined Contributions
New market mechanisms
Support for adaptation
Sources of public finance
Support for technology development and transfer
Capacity building
Transparency
Global stocktake
Compliance mechanism
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
However…ambition can be raised
[email protected]
european capacity building initiative
ecbi
Thank you!