Transcript Greenhouse effects

Done by:
Ilham Hassanali
10 C
Royal College
 What is the green house?
 Pictures of green houses.
 What is the green house effect means?
 What are the green house effects?
 Diagrams showing the green house effects.
 Role in climate change.
 Global warming.
 Steps that can be taken to minimize effects.
 Causes to the green house effect.
What is the green house?
 A greenhouse (also called a glasshouse) is a building
where plants are grown.
 A greenhouse is a structure with a glass or plastic roof
and frequently glass or plastic walls; it heats up
because incoming visible solar radiation from the sun
is absorbed by plants, soil, and other things inside the
building.
This picture shows a
lovely green grassland.
 The warmed structures and plants inside the
greenhouse re-radiate this energy in the infra-red, to
which glass is opaque, and that energy is trapped
inside the glasshouse.
 Air warmed by the heat from hot interior surfaces is
retained in the building by the roof and wall.
 These structures range in size from small sheds to very
large buildings.
Greenhouses can be divided into glass
greenhouses and plastic greenhouses.
Glass green houses
Plastic green houses.
Pictures of
green
houses
What does the green house effect
means?
 The greenhouse effect is a process by
which radiative energy leaving a planetary
surface is absorbed by some atmospheric
gases, called greenhouse gases.
 The greenhouse effect was discovered by
Joseph Fourier in 1824, first reliably
experimented on by John Tyndall in 1858,
and first reported quantitatively by Svante
Arrhenius in 1896.
What are the green house effects?
 The greenhouse effect is important. Without the
greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be warm
enough for humans to live. But if the greenhouse effect
becomes stronger, it could make the Earth warmer
than usual. Even a little extra warming may cause
problems for humans, plants, and animals.

Diagrams showing the green house
effects.
Role in climate change.
 Strengthening of the greenhouse effect through human activities
is known as the enhanced (or anthropogenic) greenhouse
effect.This increase in radiative forcing from human activity is
attributable mainly to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide
levels.[
 CO2 is produced by fossil fuel burning and other activities such
as cement production and tropical deforestation.Measurements
of CO2 from the Mauna Loa observatory show that
concentrations have increased from about 313 ppm in 1960 to
about 389 ppm in 2010. The current observed amount of CO2
exceeds the geological record maxima (~300 ppm) from ice core
data.The effect of combustion-produced carbon dioxide on the
global climate, a special case of the greenhouse effect first
described in 1896 by Svante Arrhenius, has also been called the
Callendar effect.
 Because it is a greenhouse gas, elevated CO2 levels
contribute to additional absorption and emission of
thermal infrared in the atmosphere, which produce net
warming. According to the latest Assessment Report from
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, "most of
the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures
since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed
increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations".
 Over the past 800,000 years,ice core data shows
unambiguously that carbon dioxide has varied from values
as low as 180 parts per million (ppm) to the pre-industrial
level of 270ppm.Paleoclimatologists consider variations in
carbon dioxide to be a fundamental factor in controlling
climate variations over this time scale.[
Global warming.
 Global warming is the increase in the average
temperature of Earth's near-surface air and oceans
since the mid-20th century and its projected
continuation.
 According to the 2007 Fourth Assessment Report by
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC), global surface temperature increased
0.74 ± 0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F) during the 20th century.
Global warming predictions
Causes to the green house effect.
 Humankind has progressed a lot over the years. However, this progress
has come at a cost of the exploitation of nature many a times. Humans
are the main reason for the pollution in nature.
 Global warming has been a matter of concern for many years, with
various man-made machines now contributing to Global Warming.
 One of the main causes of Global Warming is the Green house effect.
When the emission of infra-red radiation in the atmosphere warms a
planet's surface, it is known as the Green House Effect. The
Greenhouse effect is a natural phenomena occurring on planet Earth.
 There are natural as well as human-made causes of the greenhouse
effect. The natural causes of the Green house effect are the emissions of
gases like nitrous oxide, carbon-di-oxide, methane, ozone and water
vapour.
 The greenhouse effect is actually beneficial to the Earth. It is only when
human-made processes increase its speed that the problems occur.
One main problem is the oft repeated 'Global Warming'.
 One of the man-made causes of the Green House effect is
deforestation. Deforestation increases the amount of carbon-di-oxide
in the atmosphere. Also, due to the disappearance of trees,
photosynthesis cannot take place. Deforestation causes of the
greenhouse effect. Deforestation is rampant today due to the increase
in human civilization. The levels of deforestation have increased by
about nine percent in recent times. Also, the burning of wood causes it
to decay, therefore releasing more carbon-dioxide into the atmosphere.
 Greenhouse Gases also can be released into the atmosphere due to the
burning of fossil fuels, oil, coal and gas. These materials are used
increasingly and rampantly in Industries. Therefore Industries are also
a major cause of the Greenhouse Effect.
 Another man-made causes of the increase in the Green house effect due to the
emission of such gases are any all electrical appliances. Even the humble
refrigerator in the house emits gases which contribute to the Greenhouse
effect. These gases are known as Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs) and are used in
refrigerators, aerosol cans, some foaming agents in the packaging industry, fire
extinguisher chemicals and cleaners used in the electronic industry. Some
processes of the cement manufacturing industries also act as a cause towards
the Greenhouse effect.
Other man-made processes that contribute and are a cause to the Greenhouse
effect are burning of gasoline, oil and coal. Apart from these, some farming and
land-use processes are a cause of the Green house effect. Most factories also
produce many gases which last for a longer time in the atmosphere. These
gases contribute to the green-house effect and also the global warming on the
planet. These gases are not naturally available in the atmosphere.
 Population growth also is a indirect contributer and
one of the causes of the Greenhouse effect. With the
increase in population, the needs and wants of the
people increase. Therefore, this increases the
manufacturing processes as well as the industry
processes. This results in the increase of the release of
industrial gases which catalyse the green house effect.
The increase in population also results in the increase
of agricultural processes. Most man-made machines,
like the automobile also contribute to the green house
effect.
.
Steps that can be taken to
minimize effects
 Reducing the amount of future climate change is called
mitigation of climate change. The IPCC defines mitigation
as activities that reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions,
or enhance the capacity of carbon sinks to absorb GHGs
from the atmosphere. Many countries, both developing
and developed, are aiming to use cleaner, less polluting,
technologies. Use of these technologies aids mitigation and
could result in substantial reductions in CO2 emissions.
Policies include targets for emissions reductions, increased
use of renewable energy, and increased energy efficiency.
Studies indicate substantial potential for future reductions
in emissions.
“ Summary “
Therefore we will take
necessary steps to
prevent from global
warming and the
effects of green houses.
 And we will make the earth more beautiful.!!!!
THANK YOU FOR
YOUR KIND
ATTENTION!!
THE END
DONE BY:
ILHAM HASSANALI
GRADE-10 C
ROYAL COLLEGE.