Transcript PowerPoint 프레젠테이션

Our Challenges and Response to
Cope with Climate Change
Kim Jeong-Wook
Director of Creative Agrifood policy Division
Table of contents
Ⅰ. Current Status
Ⅱ. Major Policies
1) Securing Stable Food Supply
2) Adaptation of Climate Change
3) Reduction of GHGs Emission
Ⅲ. Policy Directions
Ⅰ. Current Status
Ⅰ. Current Status
1) Food Self-sufficiency and Agricultural Population in Korea
Continued decline to less than 50%
“ due
to industrialization and acreage
“
Food Self-sufficiency rate
reduction”
Agricultural Population
15mil
2.8
million
10mil
100%
5mil
80
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
2013
60
Ratio of Farm owners aged over 65
40
20
0
46.5%
60’
70’
80’
90’
00’
10’
14
(year)
｜2007｜
46.4%
｜2010｜
53.5%
｜2013｜
66.9%
｜2025｜
Securing Stable Food Supply
4
Ⅰ. Current Status
2) Global Food Projections under Climate Change
If the temperature rises 2℃
by 2020, crop production will be
short of demand
(WWF report, 2011)
Rice 11%
Maize 9%
The major crop’s production
will also fall until 2050
Yield Reduction
by 8%
(IPCC 5th Assessment Report, 2014)
Wheat 14% Soybean 5%
5
Ⅰ. Current Status
3) Projections of Climate Change in Korea
The average temperature over the past
100 years
Turning into subtropical
climate
2001-2010
2041-2050
1.8 ℃
0.75 ℃
Korea
Global average
The prospect of average temperate in the 2050
(when it was compared to 1981~2010 year under the RCP 8.5)
Change of seasons based on Seoul city
1
3.4 ℃
2.3 ℃
’10
‘50
Korea
Global average
2
Winter
3
4
Spring
5
6
7
8
Summer
Winter
Spring
Summer
(-27days)
(+10days)
(+19days)
9
10
11
12
Autumn
Autumn
(-2days)
6
Ⅰ. Current Status
4) Impact of Climate Change in Korea
- 30% loss of arable land in coastal swamp and lowland
- Partial desertification of arable land
- Decreased production of 15~60% rice due to high sterilizing percentage
+ 3℃
- Decreasing temperate zone fruit /vegetable and increasing subtropical zone fruit/vegetable
- Increase in damage due to flood and storm
- Rising concern over coastal infrastructure collapse due to sea level rise
- Rising concern over collapse of reservoir water facility due to increasing precipitation
+ 2℃
- Continuous shifts of the fittest arable land due to changes of the fittest land for rice, fruit, and vegetable
- Decrease in reproduction, weight gain, and livestock products due to high heat-induced stress of livestock
+ 1℃
+ 0.5℃
- Increase in high-temperature disease and insect pest and increase of pests reproduction pace
- Increasing chances of soil erosion during the summer & reducing fertilizer components
- Rising chances of livestock disease and infectious diseases
- Decrease in water resources available for inland & mountainous area increasing draught damages due to
rising amount of evaporation
(Reference: IPCC 5th Assessment Report and et al.)
7
Ⅰ. Current Status
5) Climate Smart Agriculture
Under the decreasing of food self-sufficiency and agricultural population,
climate change is accelerating the food crisis
Promoting
“CSA”
for the stable production of food
“Triple win”
Stable
Agricultural
productivity
Mitigation
of Climate
Change
Adaptation
of Climate
change
8
Ⅱ. Major Policies
Ⅱ. Major Policies
1) Securing Stable Food Supply
Preservation · Management
Of Fertile Land
Attract Development
Demand outside of
Agriculture
Promotion Area
Renovation of
Irrigation facilities
1,256places
(’13~’18)
2,989places
(’24)
Reduce disaster
vulnerability
Expansion of Water
Supply System
52%
80%
(158,000ha)
(’12)
(243,000ha)
(’24)
Resolve frequent
flooding problems
Self-sufficiency Rate of Rice
Expansion of
Irrigated paddy field
59
%
(573,000ha)
(’12)
75%
(652,000ha)
(’24)
Resolve water
shortage
95.7%
(2014 prediction)
10
Ⅱ. Major Policies
1) Securing Stable Food Supply
Field Crops
Overseas Agricultural Resource Development
Self sufficiency rate of field crops(2014)
Barley
Soybean
Root&tuber crops
Primorsky Krai(Russia), South East Asia
→ East Europe, Latin America,
North America etc.
24.8%
96.1%
11.3%
※Maize 0.8% ※Wheat 0.7%
Systematization of main producing area
in field crops
Field
production
39%
(Accumulated) Reported Number of Companies
Entered Overseas
(companies)
Paddy
production
61%
2000
Field
production
45%
150
Paddy
production
55%
2014
100
125
85
149
106
50
0
2011
2012
2013
2014 (year)
11
Ⅱ. Major Policies
2) Adaptation of Climate Change
Breed Development
Cultivation, Breed Technology Development
Breeds adaptable to subtropical zone
211
140
2005~2013
Adaptable Cultivation technology
to Northern-bound arable land
159
2014
2017
Disease and Insect pest Management
Prevention Technology of
External Disease and Insect Pest
Livestock Disease Management
New and Exotic Disease
Response Technology
12
Ⅱ. Major Policies
2) Adaptation of Climate Change
Expansion of Agricultural Infrastructure
Natural Disaster Preventive
Facilities
Expansion of Agricultural Disaster Insurance
Stabilization of
Agricultural management
71
69
59 commodities
2014
2017
Agri Water Development Project
Secure supply of water for farming
Expansion of Disaster-Resilient Facilities
Support for modernization
of horticultural facility
10,000ha(’13~’17)
Support for Cutting-edge
Greenhouse
5,000ha(’13~’20)
2020 (year)
13
Ⅱ. Major Policies
3) Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission
Low Carbon Agricultural Technology in Korea
Fields
Available Technologies
High Energy Efficiency
Water curtain system, hot waste water, LED,
multilayer heat-preservation curtain, heat-preservation cover
Renewable Energy
Solar photovoltaic energy, geo-thermal energy, wind energy,
geothermal energy, terrestrial gravity, air source heat, small
water hydropower energy
Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Reduction
Utilization of Biomass
(byproduct of agriculture and livestock)
Others
Animal manure·liquefied fertilizer use,
green manure crop cultivation·topdressing
Bioenergy production from animal waste, Wood Pellet boiler,
hull using boiler, Bio Energy(Ethanol, Gas)Production
Livestock feed improvement, Water management on paddy field
(Intermittent irrigation), Conservation tillage, Green Village
(A village uses a variety of low carbon energy)
14
Ⅱ. Major Policies
3) Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission
Alternatives to Fossil Fuel : Renewable Energy, Energy Use Reduction Facilities
Support for Renewable Use
1,076ha
(2013)
1,500ha
(2017)
Support for Energy Use Reduction Facilities
2,375ha
(2020)
4,690ha
(2013)
7,753ha
(2017)
10,050ha
(2020)
15
Ⅱ. Major Policies
3) Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission
Cultivation: Expansion of paddy water management, Chemical fertilizer use reduction
Expansion of intermittent irrigation
on paddy field
Reduction of chemical fertilizer use
225kg/ha
(2013)
188kg/ha
(2020)
Expansion of supporting organic fertilizer
2.5million ton(2011)
86%
88.1%
90%
(2013)
(2017)
(2020)
3.08million ton(2013)
3.2million ton(2018)
16
Ⅱ. Major Policies
3) Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission
Livestock : Expansion of animal waste management process and high quality roughage
Facilities produce bioenergy from
Animal manure
Facilities produce Animal manure
to fertilizer
95places (2013)
243places (2017)
180places (2020)
High quality roughage supply
8 places
(2013)
21 places
(2017)
30 places
(2020)
2.4mil ton (2013)
2.859mil ton (2017)
3.024mil ton(2020)
17
Ⅱ. Major Policies
3) Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission
Low Carbon Agrifood Certification System
Requirements
Farmhouse that reduced greenhouse gas emission
Low Carbon Labeling and Expiration
by utilizing low carbon agricultural technology with
‘National Certificate of Agricultural
product universal mark’
national certificate
Valid for 2 years
(ex. GAP, eco-friendly agricultural product)
 `12(7cases) → `13(31) → `14(71)
Certification standards
CO2 Emission
(tCO2/1period of cultivation
·1year)
When an item’s cultivation emits less greenhouse gas
compared to average emission for the last five years
<GHG emission>
Above national average
Lower than
Average
national average
(5years)
Qualified Disqualified
18
Ⅱ. Major Policies
3) Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission
Voluntary Agriculture-Rural Carbon Offset Program
Certification Process
Monitor(for 1year) and evaluate GHG emission comparing with the international standards
(by certified organization appointed by the government)
Incentives
Purchasing of reduced amount (10,000₩/tCO2)by the government creates additional income for farmers and reduces energy cost
Ex.｜Farm households that use multilayer heat-preservation curtain
GHG emission fall
1,000t CO2
CER
(Certified Emission
Reduction)
(10,000,000₩)
Government (MAFRA)
10,000₩/tCO2
*20,000₩/ton for non-Energy sector
Carbon market
that are required to
reduce emission
19
Ⅱ. Major Policies
3) Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission
Activation of Urban Agriculture
Vegetable gardens on the ground,
rooftop reduce greenhouse gas emission,
provide leisure, educational activities
“ Roof garden
reduces
utility costs
by 16%
“
Cultivation Area
104ha
2010
564ha 668ha 1,500ha
2013
2014
2017
3,000ha
2024
20
Ⅱ. Major Policies
3) Reduction of Greenhouse Gases Emission
Exploring Local Food System : Consumption of locally grown food
Reduce GHGs emission by reducing transportation range,
Farmers can focus on cultivation
Number of Local Food Market
Operating System of Local Food
Products
4
(year)
2012
3 markets
2013
32markets
2014
2015
2016
Settlement
1
Purchase
Registration
71markets
Farmer
100 markets
120 markets
Consumer
Curator
3
2
Introduction
Delivery
21
Ⅲ. Policy Directions
Ⅲ. Policy Directions
ETS Infrastructure Development for Voluntary Trading CER
from Agriculture-Rural Carbon Offset Program
ETS Implemented in Korea
(2015)
Support for Low Carbon
Agricultural Technology
Agriculture-rural
carbon offset program
technology
Support for Activating Carbon Market
ETS technology
(Registered in the
Ministry of
Environment
Hot waste water use
 Investment model development
 Business-farmer Brokerage
 Promotion
Business
Water curtain system
High efficient heat-preservation
material
Geothermal energy
registered
Carbon market
Renewable Energy
Green manure crop
Slow-release fertilizer
Wood pellet boiler
registered
Biogas Plant
registered
Chaff Rice processing plant
registered
Green Village
Conservation tillage
Water management
Feed with less methane
Direct
Trading
Proxy
Trading
Government
 Facility support
 Consulting support
Farmers
23
Ⅲ. Policy Directions
Promoting Mutual Cooperation
between “Businesses Required to Reduce GHGs Emission”
and “Farm-household Wishing to Reduce Energy Use”
Businesses
 Share installation cost
 Secure stable reduction level
 CSR (Better image of company)
Farmers
Capital / Technology
CER
 Installation cost reduction
 Reduce energy cost
 Certified emission reduction (CER)
24
Ⅲ. Policy Directions
Implementation of a Farm-based Early Warning System for
Meteorological Disasters
12 kinds of service of temperature, precipitation, wind and etc. for 15 commodities
(5 kinds of fruit, vegetable, food each)
Mid-Term
Forecast
(Point)
Digital Forecast
(5km)
Current weather
(5km)
Real-Time
weather
(30m)
Forecasted
weather
validation
(30m)
Real-time
DB
Forecast DB
Risk
assessment
(field level)
Monitoring
Network
Phenology
Growth stage
Eco-physiology
-
Crop
calendar DB
Farm land
attribute DB
Agrometeorological
warning
DB
SMS
Internet
Volunteer
Farmers
Countermeasures
DB
25
Ⅲ. Policy Directions
Farm-level Weather Observation Network with Agricultural IoT Sensors
AWS(Automatic Weather Station)
Data with affiliate
Agricultural
Sensor data
Front-end server
for farmers
Feedback system /
Disease and harmful
insects report
Nation-wide Agricultural
Agricultural Intelligence
Big Data
Analysis system
based on
collected date
Hyper-dense
agricultural sensor
And Big data storage
system of weather data




Item cultivation requirement alert
AWS/Disaster alert based on Weather
forecast, orchard data
Automatic Control
Disease and insects feedback system
Agricultural Intelligence System Leveraging IoT and Big Data
26
Ⅲ. Policy Directions
Development, Dissemination and Expansion of Korean Smart Farm
Giga Infrastructure Network
Cloud Server
Router
Record
PC
External Environment
CCTV
Hybrid Environmental
Control System
Fan
Nutrient Distribution
Control
Internal
Environment
(Temperature,
Humidity, Co2)
Soil Moisture
Sensor
Actuator
(Window, Curtain)
Air Conditioning and
Heating Control
Control Panel
27
The future is not to be given,
But to be created.
28