Transcript GEF Adaptation Strategy

GEF and Adaptation to
Climate Change
Mauritius, April 2003
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Adaptation to Climate Change
• Definition: Any actions and policy measures undertaken to adjust to or
ease the adverse impacts of climate change.
• Types:
– anticipatory (proactive) versus reactive
– private versus public
– autonomous versus planned
• Examples:
– Private anticipatory: purchase of insurance
– Private reactive: changes in insurance premiums
– Public anticipatory: early warning systems, new building codes,
relocation incentives to residents
– Public reactive: compensatory payments or subsidies to affected
populations.
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Adaptation ‘stages’
(Decision 11/CP.1)
Stage I: Planning, which includes studies of possible impacts of climate
change, to identify particularly vulnerable countries or regions and
policy options for adaptation and appropriate capacity-building;
• Identify impacts, particularly vulnerable countries/regions and policy
options.
Stage II: Measures, including further capacity-building, which may be
taken to prepare for adaptation, as envisaged by Article 4.1(e);
• For particularly vulnerable countries/regions, identify measures,
including capacity-building, to prepare for adaptation.
Stage III: Measures to facilitate adequate adaptation, including
insurance, and other adaptation measures as envisaged by Article
4.1(b) and 4.4;
• Identify measures to facilitate adaptation, including insurance schemes.
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COP Guidance to the GEF
• Decision 11/CP.1 requested GEF to initially fund Stage I in
the context of national communications. Stages II and III
would be funded later if Stage I studies, IPCC and other
sources suggested such actions were necessary.
• Decision 2/CP.4 asked GEF to fund Stage II in the context
of national communications.
• Decision 8/CP.5 reaffirmed the COP 4 request.
• Kyoto Protocol strengthened UNFCCC provisions on
implementation and financing of adaptation. It identifies
the CDM as a source of funds for adaptation.
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GEF Funding for Stage I
• Within enabling activities for the preparation of initial
national communications, and 2 regional Stage I projects:
CPACC and PICCAP.
– Total allocation: $79 million (March, 2003)
– Recipients: 133 countries
– Results: 99 national communications submitted (March 2003) – 96
prepared with GEF funds
• Stage I is not yet complete; but GEF is moving forward in
accordance with COP 4 guidance, building on its experience
from initial national communications and work in related
focal areas such as biodiversity and international waters.
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Some Stage II funding by GEF
• Approved:
– Global project on Assessment of Vulnerability and
Adaptation (UNEP) - $7.5 million
– Capacity Building for Stage II Adaptation in Central
America (UNDP) - $3 million
– Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change in the
Caribbean - MACC (WB) - $5 million
– Capacity Building for Global Observation Systems for
Climate Change (UNDP) - $1.2 million
– Climate change impacts on and adaptation in AgroEcological Systems in Africa (WB) - $700,000
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Other GEF funding for
adaptation
• GEF projects in all focal areas (including
the new land degradation OP as well as OP
12) that address climate change impacts and
adaptation issues within the context of
global environmental benefits.
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New FUNDS
• COP 7 : GEF to fund adaptation related activities
within the context of the existing GEF Trust Fund
+
• 3 new funds
– Under the Convention:
• LDC Fund
• Special Climate Change Fund
– Under the Kyoto Protocol:
• Adaptation Fund
– Complementary to resources allocated to the climate
change focal area of the GEF
– To be operated by the GEF
– Common to all of the new funds: adaptation
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Implications for GEF
• New responsibilities
– Continue funding adaptation under the GEF
Trust Fund
– Make arrangements for operating the new funds
_ Ensure clear separation yet complementarity
among the funds
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Operational status of the new
fund
Already operational
To be operationalized
(COP to provide guidance on
programs and priorities)
- LDC Fund
- Adaptation funding under
the GEF Trust Fund
- Adaptation Funding under
the Special Climate Change
Fund
To be operationalized
- Adaptation Fund of the
(Contingent on Kyoto Protocol and Kyoto Protocol
operation of the CDM/ other
voluntary contributions)
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LDC Fund
• Separate from but complementary to other funds
• To support work program for LDCs
– preparation of NAPAs,
– Strengthening/establishing national climate change
secretariats/focal points
– Provide training in negotiating skills and language to develop
capacity of negotiators
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LEG established
First priority : preparation of NAPAs
Simplified procedures and expedited access
Resources : about US$14million pledged of which about
$8.7 million received
• To date : 8 NAPAs approved ($200,000 each)
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LDC Fund - NAPAs
• COP guidelines for preparation of NAPAs:
– NAPAs will communicate information related to urgent
and immediate adaptation needs of LDCs.
– NAPAs will specify a list of priority activities justified
based on a set of nationally agreed criteria.
• Each national NAPA team will
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–
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Synthesize available info. on impacts of climate change
Conduct a participatory assessment of vulnerability
Identify key climate change adaptation measures
Identify and prioritize country driven criteria
Develop proposals for priority activities
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Special Climate Change Fund
• To finance activities, programs and measures
complementary to those funded by resources allocated to
GEF’s climate change focal area
• Covers
– Adaptation
– Technology transfer
– Energy, transport, industry, agriculture, forestry, waste
management
– Economic diversification in oil-exporting countries
• Programs and priorities yet to be decided by Parties
• Resource mobilization thereafter
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GEF’s evolving response
• GEF will prepare an action plan for the May 2003
Council Meeting.
– Intended as a communication document on GEF
operational policy on adaptation
– Reflects the evolution of adaptation guidance
– Explains how the GEF will respond to this new
guidance within its mandate
– Flexibility to incorporate latest and evolving guidance
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