Transcript From developing to implementing a National Action Plan for

From developing to implementing
a National Action Plan for Adaptation
in Tunisia
Lessons Learnt
Supported by:
CLIMATE CHANGE PARAMETER
Globalisation Market
Price of products, services, ..
Cost of production factors
Population growth, urban expansion, ..
Impact / vulnerability:
- Exposure
- Sensitivity
- Response
Example:
Impacts of climate changes will diminish
Benefits of agriculture and market opportunities
In poor countries whilst impacing on the rich
World all at one
Process
•
4 years of severe droughts (1999 -2002) in Tunisia
prompted presidential intervention to develop
adaptation strategy to CC in agriculture, water and
ecosystem sectors
•
Steps:
1. Study of national and regional climate data
2. Study of potential effects of CC for Tunisia
3. Diagnosis of three sectors (agriculture, tourism,
health, without CC)
4. Climate projections for 2030 and 2050
5. Participatory development of adaptation strategy
6. Development of action plan
Temperature increase until 2030
(0.7 - 1.0 °C in winter)
Temperature increase until 2050
Prediction based on HadCM3 model
Climate change projections
Increase of mean annual temperature for whole country:
+1,1°C until 2030.
Increase of mean annual temperature for whole country:
+2,1°C until 2050.
Increase of frequency and intensity of dry years until 2030,
higher variability
Decrease of water resources (groundwater recharge less 28%,
surface water flow less 5%)
Higher risk of forest fires
Lower agricultural productivity
Weak reduction of rainfall until 2030
In wet years: Irrigated crop yields (grains) might increase by
over 20%
Adaptation strategy
• Reorientation from short term crisis management to
adaptation strategy to CC effects
• Integration of climate variability in policies and economy
of the country
• Multi-sectoral approach to be able to manage negative
socio-economic impacts to CC in agricultural sector
Institutional stakes
The capacity for cooperation, meaning the development
of adaptation methods and inter-institutional capacities
Climatic events will take place which did not occur
in the previous century, requiring institutional flexibility
and well functioning coordination between different
stakeholders (intersectoral and multidisciplinary)
Planning and decison making processes to be developed
in order to mobilize capacities and finance in a
sustainable manner
Financing aspects
• Long term national budget planning and implementation
• Introducing adaption budget lines within sectoral
programmes and projects
• Identifying and preparing bankable programmes for
sustainable sector investments like p. ex. water sector
• Creating and development of absorption capacities in the
public and private sector
• Development of financing strategies for capturing funds
from different sources(bi- and multilateral funds & others)
Elements of Strategy - Water
• Setup of an early warning system
• Apply IWRM, guidelines and implementation rules
• Establish links of water sector to waste,
construction, industry, tourism, health etc. sectors,
• Institutional reforms and decentralization
• Water storage & Desalinization
• New water tariff policy
User
Consumes
Pays
• Reuse of wastewater
Agriculture
81 %
17 %
Domestic
14 %
62 %
Industry
4%
8%
Tourism
1%
12 %
Way forward
• Setup of inter-sectoral climate council (ministries of agriculture,
environment and cooperation)
• Budgeting of climate oriented risk management (finances, HR,
information)
• Setup of an information management system for all sectors
concerned (agriculture, water, waste, environment, tourism, health &
industry) Centre d’Information sur le Changement Climatique (CICC)
• Awareness campaigns in institutions and for population
• Adaptation of “carte d’agricole“ to CC and enforcement
• Adaptation of legal basis (laws, by-laws)
• Implementation of strategy and action plan (capacity development
and infrastructure investments)
Lessons Learnt
• Necessity to have scientific backing of CC projections
• Adaptation measures are often not „hot news“ but
sensible application of IWRM principles, existing laws
and guidelines
• Challenge: To avoid uncoordinated singular measures on
local level
• But: Consideration of local needs in development of
national strategies (LAPA – Local Action Plan for
Adaptation)
Lessons Learnt
• Promotion of decentralization is very helpful
• In order to facilitate structural changes, a multi-sectoral
approach is needed. Water as a cross-cutting medium
• Integration of sector strategies in national climate
protection strategy needed
• Roles need to be defined, mandates clear in order to
facilitate coordination (MARH, MoEnv as focal point
UNFCCC)
Thank you
Merci