Transcript Drivers: Climate change Major Challenges

Regional Reviews, Towards the Global Conference on
Agricultural Research for Development
Dr. Ibrahim Hamdan
Dr. Mohammad Samir El-Habbab
AARINENA SubRegions
Afghanistan
Turkey
Pakistan
Iran
Mauritania
Morocco
Algeria
Tunisia
Malta
Libya
Syria
Cyprus
Lebanon
Jordan
Palestinian Auth.
Iraq
Maghreb
Sub-Region
Mashreq
Sub-Region
Somalia
Djibouti
Yemen
Sudan
Egypt
Nile Valley & Red
Sea Sub-Region
Oman
Western
Asia SubUAE
Region
Qatar
Bahrain
Kuwait
S. Arabia
Arabian
Peninsula
Sub-Region
Methodology
The research methodology was conducted according to the
following steps:
• Emphasizing on the lessons learnt from the previous related
studies
• Analyzing the information received from the sub-regions,
and key researchable issues were identified.
• Key researchable issues identified were discussed in the EConsultation.
• The key researchable Issues and cross cutting research were
finalized in the Face-to- Face workshop for WANA
Status of Agriculture Sector in
WANA Region
1-Water scarcity: The region is already one of the most water
scarce in the world.
2- Population growth rates: The region is characterized by the
second highest population growth rates
3- Land degradation: 45% of agriculture and rangeland is
experiencing degradation.
4- Global climate change: climate change of the region is
projected to become warmer and drier with reduced crop
productivity.
Drivers, Challenges and the
Methods to Meet the Challenges
1- Drivers: Food Insecurity
Major Challenges: 1) The region suffers from shortage of food,
2) Malnutrition, and drainage in hard currencies due to
imports. 3) Regional and internal conflicts
How Can Research Face These Challenges :
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Finding suitable alternative environment friendly crops tolerant to
drought and salinity
Evaluate the comparative and competitive advantage in each country
Effective financing to support small-scale farmers in the region
Enhancing the sustainable productivity of agriculture in the irrigated or
rainfed and marginal land
Research on fisheries and aquatic production systems
Implementing high technology to increase productivity of land and
livestock
Drivers, Challenges and the
Methods to Meet the Challenges
2- Drivers: Water Scarcity
Major Challenges: 1)Water use Inefficiency in and off-farms , 2)
Water pollution
How Can Research Face These Challenges:
1. Improving management of water resources and conserving the
quantity of this resource
2. Improving on-farm water-use efficiency
3. Rationalizing use of ground water, especially in Shallow Aquifers
4. Protecting water resources from all types of pollution
Drivers, Challenges and the
Methods to Meet the Challenges
3- Drivers: Climate change
Major Challenges: climate change-induced vulnerability and
risks
How Can Research Face These Challenge :
1. Developing climate resilient crops and associated technologies
2. Policies and mitigation of climate change
Drivers, Challenges and the
Methods to Meet the Challenges
4- Drivers: Lack of Specialized Researchers in some countries in
the Region
Major Challenges: The research in most countries in the region is still
based on a routine of repeating the same types of research rather
than following a more creative and demand driven research priorities.
How Can Research Face These Challenges:
1. Strengthening the human resources and institutional capacity of the NARS
2. - Building Impact-oriented Research, Knowledge and Development
Institutions
3. -Improving quality of agricultural education and employability of
agricultural graduates
Drivers, Challenges and the
Methods to Meet the Challenges
5- Drivers: Linking farmers to Research and extension
Major Challenges: The low adoption rates of improved
technologies by farmers
How Can Research Face These Challenges:
1. Implement Participatory approach which involves researchers,
farmers and extension agents in the transfer of technology
2. Revitalizing, strengthening and reorienting agricultural
extension system
Drivers, Challenges and the
Methods to Meet the Challenges
6- Drivers: Environment Protection
Major Challenges: Natural resources management are carried
out without adequate attention to the socio-economic
constraints and environmental conditions.
How Can Research Face These Challenges:
1. Finding suitable alternative environment friendly crops that
tolerate drought and saltiness/salinity.
2. Protect the land from Salinization and sustain it for the coming
generations
Drivers, Challenges and the
Methods to Meet the Challenges
7- Drivers: Research, knowledge and Development of
Institutions
Major Challenges: Institutional arrangements are weak
How Can Research Face These Challenges :
1. Build Impact-oriented Research, Knowledge and Development
Institutions
2. Identify polices and Improve Decision makers and politician
awareness
3. Support research and development in all nationally needed
fields of agriculture by local, regional and international funding
agencies.
Drivers, Challenges and the
Methods to Meet the Challenges
8- Drivers: Markets and marketing Systems
Major Challenges: Globalization affects the small farmers in the
region
How Can Research Face These Challenges :
1. Enhance socially based economic agro-enterprises through
enhancing and empowering the farmers' cooperatives
2. Establish long-term relationships, planning, technical cooperation
and transparency throughout the supply chain between all the
market participants
Recommendations
 Prioritize research and its programming
 Undertake specific research on technology generated by
farmers themselves and adapt conventional research to
the specific conditions of small farms.
• Advocacy to policy makers on the merits of common
research/ network.
Recommendations
• increase financial support for knowledge transfer,
enhancing the attraction of agricultural education in the
region and helping farmers be better represented,
• Providing incentives for innovation in rural areas
including vocational training, supporting professionals
involved in knowledge transfer, and fully exploiting
existing knowledge.
Recommendations
Recommendations