Transcript - Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Second Symposium of WDCM, Beijing, 6-8 June 2012
The Global Biodiversity Information Facility:
enabling a global informatics infrastructure for
biodiversity
Éamonn Ó Tuama
Senior Programme Officer
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
7 June 2012
• About GBIF
• Supporting GEOSS and IPBES
• Data sharing
• Data standards and interoperability
• Uses of GBIF mediated data
GBIF: vision and mission
Vision
“A world in which biodiversity
information is freely and
universally available for science,
society, and a sustainable future.”
Mission
“To be the foremost global
resource for biodiversity
information, and engender smart
solutions for environmental and
human well-being.”
http://links.gbif.org/sp2012_2016.pdf
http://links.gbif.org/sp2012-2016_tc.pdf
The OECD origin…
OECD Global Science Forum recommendation (1999):
“Establish and support a distributed system of
interlinked and interoperable modules (databases,
software and networking tools, search engines,
analytical algorithms, etc.) that together will form a
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)”
“This facility will enable users to
navigate and put to use vast quantities
of biodiversity information, thereby:
 advancing scientific research…
 serving the economic…
 providing a basis from which our
knowledge of the natural world
can grow rapidly…”
GBIF Participation
• 33 voting participants
• 24 associate country participants
+ 46 participant organisations
Last updated: 2012-04-16
What is GBIF?
Last updated: 2
What does GBIF do?
• Builds a global informatics infrastructure for biodiversity science
• Supports and promotes common standards for data capture and sharing
• Promotes global participation, capacity building
• Encourages and enables publication of data on biodiversity
(manuals, training, collaboration between participants)
Components of data sharing
1. The data – the ‘content’ of the system;
2. The system – infrastructure, tools,
standards and services (‘pipes & plumbing’)
to allow data to flow –enables data
publishing, discovery, access
3. The people – users, data publishers,
legislators, enablers, communities of
practice, etc
All three are necessary, none is sufficient of
itself….
GBIF and GEOSS
GBIF can support several Societal Benefit
Areas for GEOSS
GEOSS and data sharing
This GEOSS task was led by CODATA
“The societal benefits of Earth observations
cannot be achieved without data sharing”
The 10-Year Implementation Plan
“... full and open exchange of data,
metadata and products shared within
GEOSS, recognizing relevant
international instruments and national
policies and legislation”
http://www.earthobservations.org/documents/geo_vii/07_GEOSS%20Data%20Sharing%20Action%20Plan%20Rev2.pdf
GBIF and IPBES
• IPBES to operate at science-policy interface
• GBIF operates at data-science interface
• Deliver data sets aligned with IPBES assessment needs
• Need to handle survey data, presence-absence, etc.
Growth in data records
400
380
Million of primary biodiversity records
360
340
320
300
280
260
240
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200
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100
80
Last updated: 2012-06-04
Current GBIF-Network Data Coverage
June 2012: >367 million indexed occurrence records from
8872 datasets from 406 publishers and spanning a wide
range of geospatial, temporal and taxonomic coverages.
Primary biodiversity records by kingdom
and record type, at end 2011
Exploring occurrences by kingdom
Published
records by
location of
host
institution
Universal open access...
26 countries and
international
organisations share
779,423 records
for China
Data quality control
Verbatim data asserted to originate
in USA as shared on the network
Data quality control
Data following interpretation
- Coastal regions recognised
- Offshore islands recognised
Promotion of Publishing Standards
http://www.gbif.org/orc/
> 2500 downloads English/French/Spanish
Darwin Core
– a glossary of terms
higherClassification
coordinatePosition
specificEpithet
geodeticDatum
associatedSequences
taxonConceptID
taxonRank
associatedSequences: A list (concatenated and separated) of
identifiers (publication, global unique identifier, URI) of genetic
sequence information associated with the Occurrence.
New data types
- complement, not
duplicate work
- GBIF as top-level gateway
to discovery, access
http://links.gbif.org/sp2012_2016.pdf
Genomic Level Observations
http://gensc.org
GBIF-GSC Workshop,
University of Oxford, Feb 2012
Workshop outcomes available:
http://community.gbif.org/pg/groups/
22216/genomic-biodiversity-data/
Scientific publications using GBIF
mediated data
250
GBIF mentioned
GBIF discussed
207
GBIF-enabled data used
200
Other
161
150
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100
81
74
67
54
50
20
89
83 80
69
47
45
30
26
23
31
23
13
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
> 600 studies citing use of GBIF mediated data
(including some by Chinese scientists)
Last updated: 2012-05-30
Tracking use of GBIF mediated data…
Main uses:
•Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM)
•Species distributions
•Climate impact studies
•Conservation
•Invasive alien species
•Agriculture
•Human health
http://www.mendeley.com/groups/1068301/gbif-public-library/
Use by Chinese scientists …
Use example: modelling global
invasiveness of an agricultural pest
Zhu G, Bu W, Gao Y, Liu G (2012) Potential Geographic Distribution
of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Invasion (Halyomorpha halys).
PLoS ONE 7(2): e31246.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031246
Image source:
http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/animals/
stinkbug_child.shtml
Use example: human health
Proximity to habitats of rope
squirrel is best predictor of human
monkeypox virus
Such sites need to be prioritised
for monitoring
GBIF mediated data used to
validate the niche model (ENM)
of squirrels
http://www.springerlink.com/content/k1x3q66g2j507770/
Sites that match the ENM are
found to be located in northern
and western Sankaru
Use example: industrial planning
Worldwide tool: records accessed through
the GBIF portal provide "ecological values" to
guide companies in locating industrial facilities
with minimal impact
http://www.biodiversity.ox.ac.uk/assessing-ecological-value-landscapes-beyond-protectected-areas-left
Use example: modelling medicinal plant
distribution
Map shows areas of high
bio-cultural value in
Australia.
The cultural value of a
habitat is determined by
assigning weights to the
customary medicinal
plants they contain.
Image source:
http://ars.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1s2.0-S0304380011003759-gr5.jpg
Jitendra Gaikwad, Peter D. Wilson, Shoba Ranganathan, Ecological niche modeling of customary medicinal plant
species used by Australian Aborigines to identify species-rich and culturally valuable areas for conservation,
Ecological Modelling, Volume 222, Issue 18, 24 September 2011, Pages 3437-3443, ISSN 0304-3800,
10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.07.005. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380011003759)
Use example: protected area modelling
2080
2050
http://ehabitat-wps.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ehabitat/birdsafrica.html
Climate change in biomes of Important Bird Areas – results from a
WPS application. Skøien et al, in press, Ecological Informatics
Use example: climate change
Application areas include:
•species distributions (refugia determination;
extinction risks)
•potential corridors for species
•design of protected areas for 21st century
https://wwftest.hpc.jcu.edu.au/wallace/
Use example: CBD Access & Benefit
Sharing (Nagoya) Protocol
• extracted 65,000 names from US and
worlds patents indices
• determined distribution of these species to
support the CBD Access & Benefit Sharing
protocol
Thank you
GBIF Secretariat
Universitetsparken 15
DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø
Denmark
www.gbif.org
E-mail: [email protected]
Phone: +45 3532 1470
Fax: +45 3532 1480