Transcript Panel activities to date - Census of Marine Life Secretariat

Census of Marine Life:
Climate change, ecosystems, and biodiversity
Proposed Activities for SCOR
Technology Panel 2008-2010.
Dr Alex David Rogers,
Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society
of London
([email protected])
Panel activities to date
• Liason with CoML research projects related to
technology issues
• Review of all CoML project renewal proposals
• Review of the CoML methodologies document
• Annual panel meetings with representatives from
projects
• Special session at Techno-Ocean 2006
• Special workshop on geo-location of animal tags
(resulted in Report and summary papers
submitted)
The changing ocean
Nellemann, C., Hain, S., and Alder, J. (Eds). February 2008.
In Dead Water – Merging of climate change with pollution,
over-harvest, and infestations in the world’s fishing grounds.
United Nations Environment Programme, GRID-Arendal,
Norway, www.grida.no
The oceans are part of the
Earth System
Global integrated ecosystem
assessments
• Most are focused on coastal or shallowwater ecosystems
• Emphasis on fisheries and in some cases
processes affecting cycling of major
nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus)
• Very broad in geographic scale and
thematic scope
• Limitations of existing marine datasets
Step change in knowledge of
marine ecosystems
• Marine biologists have traditionally
concentrated on small-scale
experimentally tractable systems
• Climate change means that we need an
understanding of biological processes at
the ocean basin scale on short to long
timescales
• Requires a massive change in approaches
and technology (CoML is achieving this)
Proposed activities 2008-2010
• Cross-project syntheses (book / special
issue journal)
• Workshop on ocean biological observatories
• Geolocation of tagged animals
• Panel website
Synthesis – Technological Legacy
Cross-project synthesis
(Making the Oceans Transparent)
• Based on technologies
e.g. acoustics, optical appraoches,
AUVs, image analysis,electronic tags, DNAbarcoding
• Technology synthesis meeting – end 2008
• Participants will be drawn from CoML projects
• Each technology will generate a cross-cutting
paper or chapter (Special Issue or Book?)
• Also paper targeted at public on website
• Gap identification and horizon-scanning in
relation to large-scale ocean science
programmes and global assessments
Tagging and tracking
• New data on habitat use by marine
animals
• Distribution of marine animals in relation to
the dynamic ocean (what areas/features
are important to biology)
• Animals as ocean observers
• Identification of potential / actual
interactions between animals and human
activities (e.g. fishing)
Acoustic Tag Technology
salmon smolt
green sturgeon
VEMCO R-code Acoustic
Tags talk to receivers
on the seabed
V9 - 2y program
V9 - >4 mo life
V7 - >4 mo life
V6 - pre-production
Accelerating the Development and Testing of
Novel TAGS: SRDL to GPS, CTD
CTD
GPS
Tagging to understand continental
shelf migrations
“POST” system; Lines of receivers create
coastal “curtains” across shelf
Tagged animal crosses curtain
and the occurrence is recorded in receiver
Tagging to understand
open ocean migrations
Longest animal migration
distance ever recorded
electronically
Over 60,000 miles per year
19 sooty shearwaters
262 days
Overlapping tracks from 12 species
Top Predators: TOPP
Animal Oceanographers
Northern Elephant Seals
Some animals
dive 1000m
0
Temperature
22
7 seals tracked during 2-3 month summer feeding migrations
Tagging
• Follow-up on recommendations by the 2007 workshop
• Further workshops / meetings / meeting sessions on this
topic (2010)
• Final paper to document panels work on this topic (Gunn,
Block)
• Integrate with specific synthesis projects
- Animals as ocean sensors
- Developing new tag technologies
• Examine tagging technology in the light of GOOS and
other global marine science / global assessment
programmes.
Tagging meeting proposals
• Animals as Ocean Observers
- Deliver animal-collected data to a
synthetic portal.
- Integration of data across EUTOPIA,
POST, TOPP.
• Developing New Tagging Technologies
- Two workshops to develop new
integrated tags using satellite and archival
tags and acoustic technology.
- Brings in industry.
GOOS – The challenge
 To which of the 6 societal goals/benefits of GOOS are
CoML programs most applicable?
 Improve the safety and efficiency of marine
operations
 More effectively control and mitigate the effects of
natural hazards
 Improve the capacity to detect and predict the
effects of global climate change on coastal
ecosystems
 Reduce public health risks
 More effectively protect and restore healthy
ecosystems
 Restore and sustain living marine resources
Current network of GOOS
monitoring activities
Ocean Tracking Network
Ocean Tracking Network (OTN) links
acoustic and archival technologies of
shelf (POST) and open ocean (TOPP)
In 5 years could be
global, seamless
biological &
physical data
Globally shared
software &
database, integrated
with GOOS
Benefit of merging datasets
Argo
• higher accuracy
• higher vertical resolution
• every 10 days
• freely drifting
• 2000 dbar
Animals
• higher temporal resolution
(daily)
• higher spatial resolution
(<50km)
• along animal migrations
• up to 2000 dbar
* 2004
* 2005
Near real time data collection
(Now-casting)
TOPP
website
serves
positions
on 150
top
predators
daily
What other biological parameters
should GOOS be monitoring?
• Molecular technologies
- Harmful marine algae
- Microbial communities
• Intertidal surveys (through Regional Alliances)
- Changes in species presence / abundance
- Occurrence of invasives
• Indicators within marine communities
- Plankton communities (SAHFOS)
• Acoustic monitoring
- Diurnal plankton migration
- Cetaceans
• Physical measurements
- Oxygen
- pH
AND MANY MORE…..,.
The Website……
• Some existing funds left and will be used to
get website back up and running (1 month)
• To be redesigned by CoML E&O team at the
University of Rhode Island
• Content will be enhanced through input
associated with the synthesis activities
• Specific documents targeted at public /
policy makers
• Will contain existing information on
technologies with key references and links
Timetable
• July, 2008 Formation of new panel
• August, 2008 Agree time and venue for synthesis
meeting
• Nov/Dec 2008 Synthesis meeting
• Aug 2009 Synthesis papers submitted
• September 2009 Workshop on ocean biology
observatories
• Early 2010 Follow up workshop on tagging
• October 2010 – CoML finale.
Referees comments
•Panel composition
•Outreach scientists
•Outreach industry
•Linkage to other synthesis activities
Acknowledgements
• SCOR (Ed Urban)
• The Technology Panel (Geoff Arnold,Elgar
de Sa, David Farmer, Gaby Gorsky, John
Gunn, Antonio Pascoal, Heidi Sosik, Song
Sun, Bob Ward)
• Also Barbara Block, Dan Costa, Lew Incze