Transcript Physical Environment - PlanitUltimo Wiki

Environment Analysis
Physical Environment
By: Joshua Hewett & Amy Ha
Physical Environment Defined





Important tourism resource.
External, tangible surroundings in which an
organism exists and which can influence its
behaviour and development.
Includes landforms, soil types
and climate.
The Physical Environment
is constantly changing.
Negative Impacts on Physical
Environment
Environmental Damage - Plants and shrubs
have been removed from rainforests to make
room for walking trails.
 Pollution – Air and Noise Pollution
- Water Pollution
- Waste Dumping
 Tourist Activities – Boat, diving, driving,
walking, skiing

Positive Impacts on Physical
Environment



Development of Tourist Attractions –
Conservation, restoration and Protection of
Natural and Historical Buildings.
Can lead to enhancement of natural resources.
Stimulates improvements to the quality of the
built environment available to
residents
Sustainability
Emissions and climate change



Motor vehicles emit greenhouse gases -Greenhouse gas is carbon
dioxide and vehicles also emit nitrous oxide and methane which
contribute to climate change.
Cars contributed to 43 tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions in 2002
which amounts to 8% of total natural emissions.
Car hire companies can help reduce emissions by beginning to phase
out their current fleets with hybrid type cars that run on bio ethanol or a
combined electrical and petrol engine, some example of cars with a
hybrid models are the Ford Focus and Volvo S40.
Continue…


Tour operators need to begin
to implement a plan to
replace older high carbon emission coaches
with new low carbon emission or green coaches.
Air travel is one of the fastest growing causes of
global warming and tour operators can reduce
the impact on the physical environment by going
as green as possible and limiting domestic
flights on their tours and replacing the flights with
train travel and low carbon emission or green
coach travel.
Weather
Bushfires

One of the focuses on Tourism at the moment.

Victoria Bushfires:
- 78 towns were impacted by the fire
and 100 tourism businesses have suffered
direct fire damage.
- Most Tourism experience
aren’t affected by the
bushfires
but many tourist
may not travel
to this
destination.
Continue…
Floods
 Impact in Tourism businesses
in Queensland
- March is the traditional start for spike, café
and holiday accommodation.
- Due to floods it causes a big disadvantage
for the locals as well as tourist. Such as:
- Water Contamination
- Farmers – loss of cattle & crops
- Fishing industry – lack of equipment.
Eco tourism




Eco tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors of the
tourism industry and every year grows about 10 – 15%
worldwide.
Eco tourism can be defined as “the practise of low
impact, educational, ecologically and cultural sensitive
travel that benefits local communities and host countries”.
Many eco tourism projects are not meeting the standards,
even when guidelines are being adhered to some of the
local communities are facing negative impacts.
Some local communities are unable to meet the
infrastructure demands and there may be a lack of
inadequate sanitation facilities in places such as East
African parks and results in the disposal of campsite
sewage in rivers which contaminates the wildlife,
livestock and people who collect their drinking water from
the rivers.
Continue..




Apart from degradation of the environment for tourist
infrastructure, population pressures from eco tourism also
leaves behind pollution and garbage that is associated with
western lifestyles.
Activities associated with eco tourism are itself an
environmental impact as the disturb fauna and flora and
even harmless sounding activities like nature hikes can be
ecologically destructive.
In Nepal eco tourism has worn down marked trails and
created alternate routes contributing to plant damage, soil
impaction and erosion.
At sites where eco tourism involves wildlife animals can be
scared away disrupting their feeding and nesting sites, in
Kenya wildlife observers have disrupted cheetahs driving
them off their reserves increasing the risks of inbreeding and
endangering the species further.
Continue…




To improve the sustainability of eco tourism there is a
need for regulation and accreditation, because of poorly
implemented regulation some underwater hotels,
helicopter tours and wildlife parks are categorised as eco
tourism and are ecologically destructive.
With a global accreditation standard differentiating
operators based on their environmental commitment
level.
An international regulatory board would need to set up
so compliant operators would be legally required to stop
associating themselves with the eco tourism brand.
The levels of accreditation should be based on the
operators’ management plan, small group interaction,
educational value, benefit to the local community and
staff training. Eco tourist would be able to know that a
genuine eco tourism experience can be expected from a
operator with a high rating.
Global Warming



Global warming is an increase in the average temperature of the earths near surface
air and the oceans since the mid twentieth century and its projection has continued.
A report conducted by British university has said that a changing climate may have
serious effects on countries that are tourism dependent. Problems that are linked to
the rising temperatures include shorter sky seasons. Less snow fall and an increase
in avalanches at sky resorts and a larger number of days of unbearable heat at
popular holiday spots in the Mediterranean and these places will no longer be tourist
destinations.
Another report has found that shorter ski seasons are likely to affect the tourism
industry in the Alps and in Scotland while traditional holiday destinations such as
Greece, Turkey and South Eastern Spain could face extreme heat that could keep
tourist away, tax water supplies and an increase in disease. In addition to drought
and changing temperature disrupting wildlife related tourism in east and South Africa
and drive animals out of protected areas, while less rainfall and higher temperature
could damage the fragile ecosystems of Brazil’s rainforests.
Continue…


In the USA the coasts of Delaware, Maryland and Florida
will be vulnerable to erosion as the sea levels rise in
temperature could cause the oceans to rise as much as
four inches in a decade.
Such a shift in the tourism industry will mean a shift in
resources, northern countries will have to shift more
resources to their tourism industry’s from other industries
to cater for the tourism boom, while on the other hand
Mediterranean countries will have to shift resources from
their declining tourism trade to more profitable industries.
Reference List








http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Warming
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eco_tourism
www.education.vic.gov.au/studentlearning/teachingresources/science/scico
ntinuum/sciglossarylz.htm
http://www.eturbonews.com/784/bushfires-not-affecting-tourism-victoria
http://news.theage.com.au/breaking-news-national/qld-floods-hitbusinesses-fishers
http://www.tourismexcellence.com.au/module7/index.php
http://www.climateark.com/articles/1999/wlfwlf44
http://www.greenvehicleguide.gov.au/GVGPublicUI/StaticContent/emissions
.aspx
The End! =D