Transcript Near-Term_Ahmadzai_MP

Greening of Industry under the Montreal Protocol:
Near Term Relationship with Climate Change and
Visions of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral
Fund of the Montreal Protocol
Dr. Husamuddin Ahmadzai, CE, CP-E
Chair Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund of the Montreal Protocol;
Senior Adviser, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency; and Special Adviser
Nordic Environment Finance Corporation and Nordic Investment Bank
Green Industry in Asia:
Managing the Transition to Resource Efficient and Low-carbon Industries
Manila 9-11 September 2009
NATURVÅRDSVERKET/SWEDISH ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
5 April, 2016
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Addressing
• The resource and social management challenge
• Montreal Protocol dual benefits with respect to Ozone Protection
and Climate Change;
• Montreal Protocol Decision XIX/6 (2007) to phase-out HCFC
encourages minimisation of environmental impacts, in particular
impacts on climate, as well as meeting other health, safety and
economic considerations;
• Path ahead: Energy Efficiency, feedstocks, management of banks,
compliance aspects;
• Summary.
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Background – control regimes
Some Basics
Montreal Protocol:
• Production and consumption phase-out;
• Multilateral Fund (MLF) covers incremental costs;
Kyoto Protocol
• Emission controls;
• Flexible mechanisms, CDM, JI, ET.
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4- An Industry in Transition
NATURVÅRDSVERKET/SWEDISH ENVIRONMENTAL
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATURVÅRDSVERKET/SWEDISH
US- HCFC
US- HFC
+295 %
EC HFC
EC HCFC
HFC +89 %
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09-01-24
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Emissions
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The tyranny of consumption; e.g. currently SE 10 ton CO2-eq per cap-yr.
To reach a 2 degree change means reduce by 90 % i.e. 0,5 – 1 ton CO2-e by
2050.
80 % private consumption. 20 % public
Transport, housing, food major areas.
Sector
Energy supply
Transport
Housing
Industry
Agriculture
Forestry
Waste
Global
25%
13%
8%
14%
14%
17%
3%
EU 15
25%
21%
16%
26%
9%
Uptake
3%
Sweden
13%
31%
8%
32%
13%
Uptake
3%
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Emissions and Impact
• 20 – 40 percent of CO2-e emissions from transport, housing, food.
• Key sectors for HFC growth are refrigeration and foam in a business
as usual (BAU) scenario; Banks, other F-gases etc are additional;
• There is a 10 year lag of emissions, i.e. all production is emitted;
• HFCs risk contributing to a substantial fraction of total carbon dioxide
(CO2) emissions in 2050 (CO2-eq basis);
• Radiative forcing of HFCs of the order of 0.5 Wm-2 compared to
overall CO2 forcing of 2.5 Wm-2 stabilization scenario for 450 ppm
• HFCs represent a substantial 20 percent fraction of global CO2
forcing.
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Bridging Gaps MP-UNFCCC 1/2
• EC Communication (COM 2009-39) "RECOGNIZES that the
accelerated phase-out of HCFCs mandated under the Montreal
Protocol may lead to a rapid increase in the use of HFCs, many of
which are very potent GHGs; therefore, PROPOSES that the
Copenhagen agreement include an international emission reduction
arrangement for HFC emissions; …that this arrangement will
contribute towards meeting the EU's 30% commitment”.
• Micronesia and Mauritius Proposed MP Amendment regarding HFCs;
• Expression of positive US interest.
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Bridging Gaps MP-UNFCCC 2/2
• Regarding Energy Efficiency: The Multilateral Fund of the MP is
looking at options and methodology linking the issues (ozone
protection, climate change mitigation, energy efficiency, safety and
other environmental benefits); One such option is the conceptual
Functional Unit ("FU”) that would link HFC alternatives and a
simplified life cycle analyses. The FU remains to be clarified in detail
and demonstrated but is expected to encourage best alternatives
while phasing out remaining ODSs (HCFCs);
• Energy efficiency can get complicated in agreements, however, there
are also good examples of energy efficiency initiatives and devising
revolving financial instruments around such efforts.
• Management of banks. Guidelines established. Pilot Projects
underway.
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Summary (1/2)
VISION: UNFCCC and VC-MP work out a progressive arrangement
that leverages MP institutions and UNFCCC reduction targets.
1.An emissions reduction arrangement owned and confirmed by
UNFCCC-Copenhagen Agreement; details are worked out and
delivered by Montreal Protocol Regime.
2.Provide stakeholders a transparent and simple global regime with
compliance obligations.
3.Finance for GHG emission reduction is provided via climate
mechanisms with timely assistance that includes Montreal financial
mechanism, including bilateral and multilateral financing, that
addresses existing and new facilities.
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Summary (2/2)
4.
5.
6.
7.
Introduction of alternatives and practices that minimize
environmental impacts, energy use, account health & safety etc;
Ozone related MLF financing should aim at climate neutrality
and likely more; climate benefits should be seen as ancillary;
Avail best available and environmentally-safe substitutes and
technologies, for the production and consumption sectors, under
fair and most favourable conditions;
MLF gets stable and sufficient funding to meet all agreed
incremental costs that enable developing countries to comply
with their commitments.
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