Transcript Level of Organization

Arrange the following words
from smallest to largest:
Earth , New York, North America,
Long Island, Northern Hemisphere,
Floral park
http://htwins.net/scale2/?bordercolor=white
ANSWER:
FPM, LI, NY, North America,
Northern Hemisphere, Earth
Living things contain:
organs
cells
tissues
systems
• The smallest unit of an element that maintains
the chemical property of the element.
• An element is only one kind of atom or atoms
ex.)
▫
▫
▫
▫
Carbon (C)
Hydrogen (H)
Nitrogen (N)
Oxygen (O)
• A group of atoms that are held together by
chemical forces (bonds).
• Water
molecule
•Basic unit of
structure and
function in
living things
•Carry out life
processes
•Different
types
A group of similar cells
that work together to
perform the same
function
A group of similar
tissues that work
together to
perform the same
function
A group of different
organs that work
together to perform
the same function
Review
• Which sequence shows a increasing level of
complexity?
1. organs -> organism -> cells -> tissue
2. organism -> cells -> organs -> tissues
3. cells-> tissues -> organs -> organism
4. tissue -> cell -> organism -> organ
Review
cells
X
organ
cell
Tissue
Organ
X
X= tissue
X= Organ system
or Organism
How do we know cells
exist?
Development of the
Cell Theory
Robert
Hooke
• Observed slices
of cork with a
comp. microscope
(1600’s)
• Saw hollow spaces  called
them “CELLS”
• What he saw was only walls of
dead cells (cork = dried out
plant cells)
Anton van
•1600’s
Leeuwenhoek
•Used a simple
microscope
•First to look at
living cells
•Observed 1 celled organisms
(bacteria, protists…)
•Rain pond water, the mouth,
intestines
Matthias • Observed plant cells
Schleidan • All plants are made
(1800’s)
of cells
Theodor • Observed animal
Schwann cells
(1800’s) • All animals are
made of cells
Robert
• All cells are made
Virchow
from pre-existing
(1800’s)
cells.
• All cells come from
other cells.
• (Cells divide  more
cells)
Cell
• 1. Cells are the basic unit
Theory of structure in all living
things.
• (Living things are made
of cells)
Cellular Diversity
• 2. Cells are the basic unit of
function of all living things
• (They carry out life
processes)
All living things are made up of
cells.
• Cells allow living things to obtain and use
energy!
• An organism uses this energy to
perform all the life functions it needs
to survive.
• What are the life functions?
Life Functions
•Transport
•Growth
•Locomotion
•Respiration
•Excretion
•Regulation
•Reproduction
•Synthesis
•Metabolism
•Nutrition
• 3. All cells come from preexisting cells.
Exceptions• 1. Viruses are
to the
NOT cells, and
Cell
are NOT made
Theory
cells.
of
Virus do not reproduce by division
because they are not cells.
• 2. Mitochondria & Chloroplasts
• cell parts that have own DNA
and reproduce on their own.
• (Don’t need the nucleus to
reproduce)
• 3. The first cell could not
have come from a preexisting cell.
Summary:
• State ways in which a single cell organism,
such as an ameba, and a human body cell
are alike.
1.) They contain similar
structures (organelles)
2.) They are the basic unit
that performs life function
for the organism
DO NOW:
What
should the
“?” be?
Organelles
• Structures that
are found in the
cell that
perform all cell
activities
• a.k.a cell parts