Transcript EuropeAid Climate change

EuropeAid
Water Supply and Sanitation Sector
Climate Change
DEVCO
EuropeAid Development & Cooperation DG
Dead Sea March 2011
Climate change. An Introduction
Index:
1. Climate change effects on the
water sector.
2. Dealing with uncertainty.
3. Mitigation and adaptation
measures. Mainstreaming
climate change into IWRM.
4. Where to look for more
information?
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Threats to water security
IPPC, 2007
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Water security. The Challenge
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Climate change exacerbates natural trends
Climate change is projected
to decrease water availability
in many arid and semiarid regions
One third of the world’s population
is now subject to water scarcity
Population facing water scarcity
will more than double over the next 30 years
How climate change might affect W&S?
Too much
water
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Too little
water
Polluted
water
Uncertainty in hydrological pojections
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• Some robust results, especially at larger spatial scales.
• Climate model projections less consistent at smalles scalles.
• Temperature projections more robust than precipitation
projections.
• What variable is important in hydrological projections?
o Mean Temperature, Mean Precipitation, Extremes?
o Frequency of droughts? Duration of droughts?
o Changes in temporal distribution of precipitation along
the year?
Climate change: Cause-effect. Water supply
Case scenario
Rise in Temperature
More frequent and
severe droughts
Decrease in rainfall
Rise in sea level
Conflicts over
access to water
Food insecurity
Loss of livelihoods
Reduced flow of rivers
More salinity intrusion
in coastal areas
Human migrations
Reduced recharge
rate of aquifers
Changes in vegetation
and ecosystems
Reduced hydropower
generation capacity
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Mitigation and Adaptation measures:
MITIGATION:
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ADAPTATION:
Reducing emissions: less oil
Adjustment of projects, policies
and coal, switching to
and sector practices in response to
renewable energy, new
actual or expected climatic effects,
technologies for industry and
which moderates harm.
transport.
Adaptation responses in W&S. IWRM
Promote water
efficiency
Switch to less
water-intensive crops
Prepare emergency
plans for
flooding and droughts
Improve storm
water infrastructure
Adopt metering.
Charge adequate price
IWRM
Develop water
treatment capacity
Exploit new sources
of water
Desalination plants.
Reuse of water
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Financing climate change
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• Creation of new specific Climate Change windows unders the
Facilities, in the fields of mitigation and adaptation.
Examples:
• Egypt: Improved Water and Wastewater Services
Programme. Water efficiency.
• Jordan. Miyahuna programme of rehabilitation of water
network.
Climate change. Methods and tools. Available
material for Delegations at EC level:
• Sector scripts. Including a specific
brochure for Water Supply and
Sanitation.
• Supporting a climate for change.
The EU and developing countries
working together.
• Addressing Global Warming
(Documents and PPTS).
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Climate change. Methods and tools. Available
material for Delegations at EC level:
• Guidelines on the
integration of
environment and
climate change in
Development
Cooperation.
• Capacity4Dev.Public
Group on Environment
and Climate Change.
• Seminars “Climate Risk
Assessment” SYSLOG
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