Transcript PROJECTIONS OF SEA LEVEL RISE IN INDONESIA AND THEIR

Tackling Climate
Change in Indonesia
Dr. Armi Susandi, MT.
Head of Meteorology Department, ITB
National Council on Climate Change
Training for Enhancing Reporting Skills in Child Centered Disaster Risk
Reduction (CCDRR) and Climate Change for Journalist in Indonesia
Bandung - Indonesia, 28 - 31 July 2009
OUTLINE
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Climate Change
Impacts of Climate Change in Indonesia
Climate Change Vulnerability in Indonesia
Tackling Climate Change
National Council on Climate Change
International Climate Change Convention
Submission to UNFCCC
Climate change impacts are already occurring and
more are inevitable
The risk of serious irreversible impacts increases strongly as temperatures increase
Impact of Climate Change
on Indonesia
Climate Change Vulnerability
Forest
Fires
Flood
Flood
Flood
Drought
Basic Concept
CLIMATE CHANGE
Human Interference
Including Variability
Exposure
Of Effects
IMPACTS
MITIGATION
Of Climate Change via
GHG Sources and Sinks
Autonomous
Adaptations
Residual or
Net Impacts
VULNERABILITIES
Initial Impacts
Planned
ADAPTATION
To the Impacts and
Vulnerability
Policy Responses
(IPCC, 2001)
TACKLING CLIMATE CHANGE
Adaptation to Climate Change
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Dynamical Model
Visual Observation
Statistical Model
Weather Prediction
Weather Prediction
Gas Emission
Rainfall
Wind
Direction
and
Speed
Temperature
Warm/Cold Wave
Result of Weather Projection and Prediction
Source :
Susandi et al., 2009
Rainfall
Variable
Topography
Constant
Vegetation
Variable
Land-use
Change
Variable
Hydrology
Constant
Technology
Capacity
Variable
Population
Distribution
Variable
Model of Climate Prediction
for Developing Policy
Sample of Adaptation Option in Climate Change
Vulnerable Area
Sea Wall 100 % of the distance
2035
Index of Climate
Change Vulnerability
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0.9
0.8
0.7
Development:
0.6
1. Water Resource
0.5
2. Water Collector
0.4
3. Polder
0.3
4. Networking Pipes
0.2
0.1
5. More Pipes &
Polder
0
(Susandi et. al, 2009)
Mitigation to Climate Change
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Renewable Energy
Forestry
Ocean
Renewable Energy
Wind Energy
Solar Energy
Biomass Energy
Geothermal Energy
Coal Energy
Source: Susandi, et al., 2008
Forestry
Scenario-based simulation to assess the impacts of
reforestation over Indonesia on climatic parameters
Scenario-based simulation to assess the impacts of reforestation over
Indonesia on climatic parameters
Carbon Uptake
Post Kyoto
2013 on
Kyoto Protocol
2008 – 2012
COP 14
COP 18
COP 15 COP 16
Indonesia Forestry–
PRODUCTION
REDD, SILIN, RIL, Ecost
Rest, HTR,
PROTECTION
REDD, PES, Water,
etc
CONSERVATION
REDD, Biodiversity
OTHER FOREST &
NON-FOREST LANDS
REDD
SUSTAIN
-ABLE
FOREST
MGNT
COP 17
REDD
Voluntary
MANDATORY
MANDATORY
OCEAN
The Net Flux of CO2
(Source: H. Kettle and C. J. Merchant, 2005)
Net Flux of CO2 in moles m-2 yr-1
The Net Flux of CO2
January
(West Monsoon and Southwest Monsoon)
SST (oC)
Wind speed (ms-1)
Net Flux of CO2 in moles m-2 yr-1
The Net Flux of CO2
April
(Transition I)
SST (oC)
Wind speed (ms-1)
Net Flux of CO2 in moles m-2 yr-1
The Net Flux of CO2
July
(East Monsoon and Northwest Monsoon)
SST (oC)
Wind speed (ms-1)
Net Flux of CO2 in moles m-2 yr-1
The Net Flux of CO2
September
(transition II)
SST (oC)
Wind speed (ms-1)
Net Flux of CO2 in moles m-2 yr-1
NCCC (National Council on
Climate Change)
DNPI (Dewan Nasional Perubahan
Iklim)
Dewan Nasional Perubahan Iklim (DNPI)
Perpres 46 /2008
ORGANIZATION
Head
Vice
: President
: Menko EKON
Menko KESRA
MANDATE
NCCC (National Council on Climate Change)
1. Mainstreaming mitigation and adaptation policy on climate change in sector
and district.
2. Arrange Strategy of Low-Emission Sustainable Development (Energy, Industry,
Forestry, and Agriculture)
3. Enhance Information, assessment and mechanism on arrangement and
carbon market.
4. Programming communication, information, and education regarding to
climate change in Indonesia
5. Monitoring and evaluating on implementation of DNPI policy
6. Utilize Bali Road Map in various International negotiations
7. Enhance Clean Development Mechanism Commission
The Climate Change Convention
UNFCCC :
Global Agreement on Climate Change
• Objective: Stabilization of greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the
atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic
interference with the climate system
• Such a level should be achieved within a time-frame sufficient to :
• to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change
• to ensure that food production is not threatened, and
• to enable economic development and to proceed in a sustainable manner
• Principles: Parties to the Convention should protect the climate systems on
the basis of :
• Equity
• Common but differentiated responsibility
• Respective capabilities
Convention under UNFCCC:
• COP = Conference of the Parties;
• COP/MOP : Conference of the Parties/ Meeting of
the Parties;
• SBSTA = Subsidiary Body for Scientific,
Technical, and Advice;
• SBI = Subsidiary Body for Implementation;
• In-sessional workshop;
• Inter-sessional workshop;
COP
• Conference of the Parties is highest
convention institution
• Main mission is promoting and
reviewing implementation of
convention result
• This convention has been held for 14
times.
Subsidiary Bodies
• Two organization in helping COP
• The Subsidiary Body for Scientific &
Technological Advice provide information and
suggestion in Sciences and Technology
• The subsidiary Body for Implementation help to
COP in evaluate and reviewing implementation
from COP
Toward UNFCCC
Enhanced Action on Adaptation and its Means of
Implementation
Enhanced Action on Mitigation
Enhanced Action on Financing, Technology and Capacity
Building
Adaptation Workgroup Proposed
to UNFCCC
• Exchange information and knowledge at the local,
regional, and international level.
• Enhance data collection and availability to inform
adaptation planning.
• Build capacity for enabling environments in a
manner that leads to progress on adaptation
• Enhance coherence and facilitate linkages with
organization
REDD Workgroup Proposed to
UNFCCC
• Stabilization of forest cover, thereby forest carbon
stocks
• Conservation and maintenance of forest carbon stocks
due to sustainable management forest
• Reduction in deforestation rates
• Reduction in forest degradation
• Enhancement of forest carbon stocks
SUBMISSION BY
INDONESIA
Adaptation
• Enhance scientific monitoring activities to develop
ways and means to adapt to the effects of climate
change on the ocean.
• Exchange lessons learned and best practices, and
enhance assessment of the vulnerability of oceans
and coasts to the effects of climate change in order
to facilitate the implementation of adaptation
measures
Technology Transfer
Improved understanding on the role of oceans on
climate change and vice-versa, and its effects on
marine ecosystems, marine biodiversity and coastal
communities, especially in developing countries and
small island states; including marine scientific
research and sustained integrated ocean observation
systems.
Capacity Building
Promote gathering and exchange of information
related to climate change impacts on marine
ecosystems, communities, fisheries and other
industries; emergency preparedness, monitoring,
and forecasting climate change and ocean
variability; and improving public awareness of early
warning system capacity.
Thank You
[email protected]
www.armisusandi.com