Transcript 1.1 Traditional Agriculture

Theme 7:
Health and Wellbeing
Geography: Unit 1A Theme 2, Unit B Theme 8
Geology: Unit 5.2
Physics:Chemistry: Theme 7
Biology: Unit 1a
Humanities: Unit 1 Learning outcome 3
Personal and Social Education: Section C
Key learning outcomes
1. To understand how human health and wellbeing may be affected by
temperature, rainfall and sea level change
2. To understand how human health and wellbeing support systems
may adapt to changing temperature, rainfall and sea levels.
Health & Wellbeing
Teacher Notes:
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Health & Wellbeing
Teacher Background Information About Implications of
Climate Change for Health and Wellbeing
Introduction
Human health and wellbeing are likely to be affected by changes in temperature,
rainfall and sea level. Risks as well as opportunities are likely to emerge.
Climate Risk Factor- Temperature
Global: Temperature increases of up to 5.5oC by 2099 in regions such as Australia and
South East Asia are likely to increase occurrences of heatstroke, respiratory conditions,
skin cancer and food poisoning.
o
Climate Risk Factor- Rainfall
Global: Changes in rainfall patterns could lead to severe droughts in some areas (Eg.
parts of Australia) and severe floods in others (Eg. North Europe). Droughts lead to
long term famine, population displacement and conflicts for dwindling resources, while
floods cause damage and destruction to essential resources and infrastructure.
Diseases such as malaria, carried by mosquitos, thrive in hot areas with large areas of
stagnant water. Levels of diseases such as malaria could increase in North Europe.
Wales: Wetter Welsh winters (up to 30% along South, West and North Wales coasts by
2080) could cause flooding. Flooding potentially affects environmental, economic,
physical, social and psychological activities.
Drier Welsh summers (up to 40% in some parts of West Wales by 2080) could lead to
moderate drought conditions. However, such conditions could also present
opportunities for increased outdoor recreation and leisure activities, which in turn
improve levels of health and wellbeing.
Climate Risk Factor- Sea Level
Global: Average sea level changes of 50cm by 2100 could flood or erode coastal
areas, possibly with the loss of large scale settlements, industries and sources of food.
Such developments have implications for long term health and wellbeing of affected
populations.
Wales: Sea level changes of up to 50cm by 2095 could cause flooding and erosion of
coastal areas, particularly around South Wales. Displacement of settlements and
potential loss of local facilities such as paths and slipways that are used for recreation
could impact on health and wellbeing.
Health & Wellbeing
Wales: Warmer Welsh summers (up to 4 C in summer by 2080) and milder winters
may mean that global factors as outlined above may play a part in Welsh life, either
directly or indirectly.
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Pupil Notes
Health and Wellbeing
Introduction
Human health and wellbeing are likely to be affected by
changes in temperature, rainfall and sea level.
Wellbeing includes physical, psychological, social,
economic and environmental health. Risks as well as
opportunities are likely to emerge.
These figures
are likely to
increase with
rising global
temperatures
.
? Wales
Source:
http://maps.gri
da.no/go/grap
hic/estimateddeathsattributable-toclimatechange-2000
Risk Factors
Loss of coastal recreation facilities
 Heat waves could increase the
number of hot-weather related
deaths especially amongst the
elderly, the young, and the sick
 Flooding could lead to death or
physical/ mental injury
 Prolonged periods of sunshine
could result in an increase of skin
cancers and eye problems
 Bacteria may no longer die-off
seasonally during prolonged cold
spells, therefore diseases may
spread more widely
 High levels of ground-level ozone
could increase occurrence of
respiratory diseases eg. Asthma
 Increased instances of food
poisoning
 Water supply and sanitation
systems could become
contaminated during flooding
events
 Malnutrition and displacement of
populations as a result of failed
crops or flooding
Conflicts over depleting resources
could increase
 Loss of income from climate
change events could lead to wide
scale social and economic decline.
Health & Wellbeing
Figure 34. Global Estimated Climate Change Deaths in the Year 2000
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Adaptation Options
 Educate the public about safe
sun enjoyment and avoidance of
food poisoning
 Protect homes, businesses and
facilities from flooding using hard
and soft defences
 Reduce amount of ozoneproducing traffic, especially in
urban areas
 Monitor and improve drainage and
sanitation systems
Train health professionals to
recognise and treat new and
unusual diseases
 Protect homes and businesses
from heat by ventilation, shade and
air conditioning systems
Encourage diversification of
economic investment
 Prepare emergency plans to cope
with heatwaves, floods and mass
migrations.
Figure 35. How climate change affects human health
Source: World Health Organisation
Figure 36. Thailand- some of the most
severe climate risks will affect children
The UK Health Protection Agency
developed guidelines on the health
risks posed by flooding in 2000.
This includes advice, such as:
-How to protect against infections
-Returning to a flooded home
-Food preparation and storage
-Drinking water.
Source: World Health Organisation
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789
241598880_eng.pdf
Health & Wellbeing
What are the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of these?
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Activities
1. (Geography Unit 1A Theme 2) In 2009, the Welsh Assembly Government
developed a, “Heatwave Plan for Wales”. This outlines measures
organisations such as those responsible for health and social care can
take to prepare and respond to high temperatures.
http://www.conwy.gov.uk/upload/public/attachments/345/Wales_Heatwave
_Plan.pdf
Create an advertising poster that summarises how your local health and
social care services could respond to protect the local elderly population
during a heatwave.
3. (Biology Unit 1a) Look at web page
http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-climactic-and-human-factorswhich-affect-the-distribution-of-malaria/6990.html (distribution of malaria
with climate change). On a map, identify local areas of still water that
might be suitable breeding grounds for mosquitos. How could local
authorities minimise the spread of malaria?
4. (Humanities Unit 1 Learning outcome 3) Design a media campaign that
explains to teenagers how to be safe in the sun.
5. (Humanities Unit 1 Learning outcome 3) Write a poem about food
poisoning and how to avoid it.
6. (PSE Section C) Play the game
SmogCity 2 on
http://www.smogcity2.com/index.html .
Which factor produces the greatest
amount of smog? How could smog levels
be reduced in your local town/ city?
7. Whose responsibility is it to influence an individual’s behavior- their own or
the government? Discuss.
8. How can you take part in government decision-making, both locally and
nationally? Discuss.
Health & Wellbeing
2. (Geography Unit 1A Theme 2) Think about what recreational activities you
undertake at weekends/after school/during the holidays.
a. How could the changing climate affect these?
b. Will the effects be positive or negative?
c. Are there any new activities you might be able to undertake?
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References
http://www.adaptationatlas.org/index.cfm -Global Adaptation Atlas is an online,
dynamic mapping tool that illustrates human impacts of climate change and
adaptation activities across the themes of food, water, land, health and livelihood
http://www.who.int/globalchange/climate/en/ - World Health Organisation report on
human health impacts of climate change
http://www.bbc.co.uk/climate/impact/human_health.shtml -News article on impacts
of climate change on health
http://www.sunsmart.org.uk/schools/schoolsresources/index.htm#Worksheets
Cancer Research UK Sun Smart campaign and worksheets
http://wales.gov.uk/topics/health/protection/environmental/publications/climate/?lang
=en – Welsh Assembly Government’s report on health effects of climate change
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2007/feb/13/frontpagenews.ruralaffairsNewspaper article to explain how erosion and rising seas threaten Wales's most
beautiful beaches
http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/homeandleisure/floods/38329.aspx
Instructions on how to make a community flood plan
http://serc.carleton.edu/introgeo/roleplaying/examples/globwarm.html -The World
Watcher Project - The Global Warming project. - Students act as advisors to heads
of state of several nations.
http://www.conwy.gov.uk/upload/public/attachments/345/Wales_Heatwave_Plan.pdf
- The governments Heatwave Plan for Wales
http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-climactic-and-human-factors-whichaffect-the-distribution-of-malaria/6990.html - BBC Learning Zone Class Clips video
investigating climatic and human factors affecting the distribution of malaria.
http://www.smogcity2.com/index.html - Interactive air pollution simulator
http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/estimated-deaths-attributable-to-climate-change2000 - UNEP Grid map showing estimated deaths due to climate change for 2000
http://www.who.int/globalchange/publications/climchange.pdf - World Health
Organization report on climate change and human health
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241598880_eng.pdf - World Health
Organisation publication looking at protecting us from the risks posed by climate
change.
Health & Wellbeing
http://www.heatedconfusion.html- explains how we sense heat
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