Transcript Diapositiva 1

UNIT
9
Human interaction with the environment
THE MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL SUMMITS
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
UNIT
The main environmental summits
9
Stockholm (Sweden)
Conference on the
Human Environment
Rio de Janeiro
(Brazil).
Copenhagen (Denmark).
UN Earth Summit.
Brundtland Report
1972
15th Climate Change
Conference.
New York (USA).
Millennium Summit.
2009
2000
1992
20th C
21st C
1997
1968
París (France)
Kyoto (Japan)
Conference on the
Biosphere
(UNESCO)
3rd Climate Change
Conference.
2002
Johannesburg (South
Africa).
Summit on Sustainable
Development.
For more information about the different summits, CLICK on the dates of each one of them
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
UNIT
9
The main environmental summits
1968
BIOSPHERE CONFERENCE
• Place: Paris (France)
• Main agreements:
Creation of the MaB (Man and the Biosphere) Programme with the
mission of conserving the environment in a way which is compatible with
development in different countries.
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Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
UNIT
9
The main environmental summits
1972
CONFERENCE ON THE HUMAN ENVIRONMENT
• Place: Stockholm (Sweden)
• Main agreements:
Recognition of the link between the
environment and human well-being,
awareness of the limitations of natural
systems, both to provide resources
and to absorb impacts.
The need for Environmental
Education is mentioned.
The UNEP (United Nations
Environment Programme) is created
to coordinate and promote respect for
the environment.
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Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
UNIT
9
The main environmental summits
1992
EARTH SUMMIT or RIO ’92 SUMMIT
• Place: Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
• Main agreements:
The most important international environment summit to date, as it
was attended by almost all the countries of the world.
It took as its basis the BRUNDTLAND REPORT.
It produced different action plans and conventions:
The Earth Charter
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
Agenda 21
Climate Change Convention
The Forest Principles
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Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
UNIT
9
The main environmental summits
1997
3RD CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE
• Place: Kyoto (Japan)
• Main agreements:
- Kyoto Protocol, where each signatory country undertook to reduce
emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases between 2008 and
2012.
- It established what the different greenhouse gases are and some
human activities that generate them, such as:
• Transport
• Agriculture
• Industrial processes
• Waste disposal
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Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
UNIT
9
The main environmental summits
2000 MILLENNIUM SUMMIT
• Place: New York (USA)
• Main agreements:
Millennium Declaration, which establishes
the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs),
which must be achieved before 2015.
Goal 7 is to “Ensure Environmental
Sustainability”.
• Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country
policies and programmes; reverse the loss of environmental
resources.
• Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving a significant reduction in the
rate of loss by 2010.
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
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UNIT
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The main environmental summits
2002
SUMMIT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
• Place: Johannesburg (South Africa).
• Main agreements:
- The Kyoto Protocol came into effect.
- To significantly reduce biodiversity loss by 2010.
- To create a network of marine protected areas and restore fish
stocks.
- To minimise the harmful effects of chemicals.
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Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
UNIT
9
The main environmental summits
2009
15TH CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE
• Place: Copenhagen (Denmark).
• Main agreements:
The only target set was that the
average global temperature should not
rise by more than 2ºC by 2050.
No clear agreements were reached to
replace the Kyoto Protocol, which ends
in 2012.
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
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