Transcript Slide 1
Institutions Working Group Arvis, Causey, Golitsyn, Gallardo, Fandino, Johnson, Kimball, Mengerink, Robles, Rosenberg, Rovira, Searles, Stocks, Wesson Known • • • • Urgency: irreversible change Apparent broad scale and localized losses Emerging uses Increasing pressures (e.g. population, property issues, climate change) • Potential for feedback from loss of biodiversity/ecosystem functioning to climate change • Existing framework apparently inadequate Unknown • • • • • • Capacity Political will Best practices Appropriate scales Needed innovation New instruments or arrangements Unknowable • • • • • Irreversible losses Political climate Risk to ecosystem services Course changing events Success FAO, UNCLOS, WTO… UNFSA, HSC, CBD, Ramsar, Kyoto, ... Goal Development: conservation & sustainable use of marine biodiversity • International overarching goal – Includes national jurisdictions and areas beyond national jurisdications – Describes principles for conservation and sustainable use • Based on ecosystem approach to management • Integral to social and economic sustainable development • Intended to apply across sectors (e.g., fisheries, shipping, coastal development, pollution) • Focus on gaps in existing frameworks ( e.g., interactions, cumulative effects) • Provides a framework for collaboration among existing mechanisms • Includes precautionary approach • Inspire political will Regional Ecosystembased Management • Operationalize goals through principles and norms • Build on existing international and regional instruments and mechanisms • Develop new mechanisms and approaches • Maintain or strengthen sectoral goals for management • Base boundaries on ecological principles (e.g., LME’s plus high seas areas) • Recognize the transboundary nature of diversity • Create coordinating mechanism • Include adaptive management Ecosystem-Based Management • Evaluate and address interactions between sectoral effects • Evaluate and address cumulative impacts of human activities on the marine environment with regard to marine biodiversity • Coordinate planning and management activities for multiple objectives • Inform, disseminate and educate • Perform governance scenario analysis Implementation Issues • Commit resources • Incorporate capacity building mechanism • Develop integrated assessment and monitoring by independent body – Cross sectors – Focus on ecosystem services – Address goal of conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity – Supported by GEOSS and other observation systems – Regularly (continuously) updated – Include biodiversity in climate change scenarios • Create compliance and enforcement mechanisms – Standards and norms as a basis – Accountability mechanism Implementation Issues… • Incorporate performance review mechanism – Based on clear objectives, strategies and tactics – Adaptive management • Create appropriate incentive structure – Encourage innovative solutions (e.g. restoration) • Spatial and temporal concerns – Governance at local, national, regional and international levels must be linked – Rapid action on priority areas to conserve diversity (stop gap measures) – Take action even with uncertain information (precautionary approach) – Timely management response to new information – Apply short, medium and long term strategies Implementation issues… • Need for identification of reference points and reference areas (MPA’s) – Identify for protection hotspot areas and those with fuller range of ecosystem services intact – Identify for protection areas at risk – Protected areas need to be of a sufficient size that they are meaningful on an ecosystem scale, linked networks • Raising public awareness • Communicating importance of overarching goals of conserving ecosystem services – within and between local, national, regional and international levels – use of new technologies – Strategic communication (recognize audiences, messages and timeliness)