Transcript Hiromoto Watanabe

“Regional Fishery Management Regimes
– Comparisons of Structure and Function”
Hiromoto Watanabe
Fishery Liaison Officer
International Institutions and Liaison Service (FIEL)
Fisheries and Aquaculture Economics and Policy Division
Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, FAO
12 April 2007
Outline
1. Introduction
– Definition of Regional Fishery Bodies (RFBs) and Regional Fisheries
Management Organizations (RFMOs)
– Nature and scope of RFB/RFMOs – Introduction of the new FI’s RFB
Website
2. New and Growing Expectation = Challenges for RFB/RFMOs
– International development and current situation around RFB/RFMOs
– UN, FAO, Meeting of RFBs, Kobe Meeting of Tuna RFMOs, etc.
– In particular, outcomes of the recent COFI-27 and RSN-1
3. Constraints and Prospect for Future
– Could RFB/RFMOs tackle climate and other types of change?
4. Conclusion
Definitions of RFB/RFMOs
A mechanism through which three or more States or international
organizations that are parties to an international fishery agreement
or arrangement collaboratively engage each other in multilateral
management of fishery affairs related to transboundary, straddling,
highly or high seas migratory stocks, through the collection and
provision of scientific information and data, serving as technical and
policy forum, or taking decisions pertaining to the development and
conservation, management and responsible utilization of the
resources. (Report of the Meeting of FAO and Non-FAO Regional
Fishery Bodies or Arrangements, 1999)
“Arrangement” means a cooperative mechanism established in
accordance with the Convention and this Agreement by two or more
States for the purpose, inter alia, of establishing conservation and
management measures in a subregion or region for one or more
straddling fish stocks or highly migratory fish stocks. (UN Fish
Stocks Agreement, Article 1, 1(d), 1995 )
RFBs and RFMOs
Management Bodies
Bodies with a management mandate
CCAMLR
IOTC
NPAFC
CCBSP
IPHC
PSC
CCSBT
IWC
SEAFO
GFCM
NAFO
SIOFA
IATTC
ICCAT
NASCO
NEAFC
(SPRFMO) WCPFC
Advisory Bodies
Bodies with an advisory mandate (scientific and/or management)
APFIC
COPESCAL
FFA
OLDEPESCA
SRCF(CSRP)
BOBP-IGO
COFREMAR
ICES
PICES
SWIOFC
CECAF
COREP
LVFO
RECOFI
WECAFC
CIFA
CPPS
MRC
SEAFDEC
COMHAFAT
EIFAC
NAMMCO
SPC
http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FISearch.do?dom=rfb
International Development
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FAO Compliance Agreement (1993)
UN Fish Stock Agreement (1995)
FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries
UN Open-ended Informal Consultative Process
UNGA Resolutions
Review Conference on the UN Fish Stock Agreement
Other International Initiatives
COFI
Meeting of RFBs
References to RFB/RFMO in COFI Reports
• COFI 24 (2001)
RFB : 0
RFMO: 0
Total : 0
• COFI 25 (2003)
RFB : 3
RFMO: 4
Total : 7
• COFI 26 (2005)
RFB : 2
RFMO: 42
Total : 44
• COFI 27 (2007)
RFB : 10
RFMO: 36
Total : 46
Outcome of COFI 27
• Agenda Item 11, Strengthening RFMOs and their performances
including the outcome of the 2007 Tuna Meeting
– The need to strengthen and increase the efficacy of RFMOs and
RFBs
– The outcome of the Joint Tuna RFMOs Meeting and the idea of
additional joint meetings of non-tuna RFMOs
– Performance reviews of RFMOs and RFBs: common criteria and
flexibility and independence
– Attention to developing countries, including small island
developing States (SIDS)
– Continuous support by FAO
• Other agenda items
• Climate change: a scoping study by FAO
Outcome of RSN-1
• Review of the Decision of COFI 27
• Role of RFBs
– the outcome of the Review Conference
– Small-scale fisheries
– Performance enhancement
• External Factors Affecting Fisheries Management
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IUU Fishing
Overcapacity
Harmonization of Catch Documentation
Climate change
• Ecosystem Consideration into Fisheries Management
– EAF
– Seabirds
– Climate change
Constraints and Prospect for Future
• Could RFB/RFMOs tackle climate and other types of change?
Constraints and Prospect for Future
• Could RFB/RFMOs tackle climate and other types of change?
Yes,
but with a strong political will, and financial and
human resources of member States
Constraints and Prospect for Future
• Could RFB/RFMOs tackle climate and other types of change?
Yes,
but with a strong political will, and financial and
human resources of member States
Main driving force = member States rather than
Secretariats
Constraints and Prospect for Future
• Could RFB/RFMOs tackle climate and other types of change?
Yes,
but with a strong political will, and financial and
human resources of member States
Main driving force = member States rather than
Secretariats
• Are member States ready for giving a green light to RFBs to
address the climate change while there are still a lot of urgent
issues such as IUU fishing and other conventional fisheries
management issues within the limited level of financial and
human resources?
Conclusion
While many calamitous phenomena were pointed out as
possible or potential consequences of climate change,
there is still a lot room for argument and uncertainty with
regard to the relation between those phenomena and
climate change. Almost nothing, or only a little, if any, has
been identified in terms of direct interaction between
climate change and day-to-day fisheries management
practices. Even if we can take a precautionary approach,
we should clarify, at least, what we can do or cannot do in
order to address the issue within the framework of
fisheries management, based on the best available
scientific evidence, if any. I hope that FAO will be able to
provide some tips for initiating the process based on the
scoping study.